DNA hypomethylation in the origin and pathogenesis of human diseases

Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 Jul;66(14):2249-61. doi: 10.1007/s00018-009-0015-5. Epub 2009 Mar 27.

Abstract

The pathogenesis of any given human disease is a complex multifactorial process characterized by many biologically significant and interdependent alterations. One of these changes, specific to a wide range of human pathologies, is DNA hypomethylation. DNA hypomethylation signifies one of the major DNA methylation states that refers to a relative decrease from the "normal" methylation level. It is clear that disease by itself can induce hypomethylation of DNA; however, a decrease in DNA methylation can also have an impact on the predisposition to pathological states and disease development. This review presents evidence suggesting the involvement of DNA hypomethylation in the pathogenesis of several major human pathologies, including cancer, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and psychiatric disorders.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • DNA Methylation*
  • Disease / etiology*
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological