Background: Melasma is a common, acquired, symmetric hypermelanosis characterized by irregular brown to gray-brown macules on the cheeks, forehead, nasal bridge, cutaneous part of the upper lip, mandible, and the upper arms. Few trials have been conducted regarding the potential benefits of oral procyanidin in melasma.
Aim: To assess the safety and efficacy of oral procyanidin + vitamins A, C, E among Filipino patients with epidermal melasma.
Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial lasting 8 weeks, involving 60 adult female volunteers with bilateral epidermal melasma, Fitzpatrick skin types III-V, was conducted at the Section of Dermatology, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines. Patients received either the test drug or placebo, twice daily with meals. Changes in pigmentation were measured using a mexameter, the melasma area and severity index (MASI), and a global evaluation by the patient and investigator. Safety evaluations were performed at each follow-up visit.
Results: Fifty-six patients completed the trial. Mexameter results demonstrated a significant decrease in the degree of pigmentation in the left malar (165.85 +/- 70.909) and right malar (161.33 +/- 61.824) regions (P < 0.0001). MASI scores showed a significant improvement in the left malar (2.4862 +/- 1.67816) and right malar (1.8889 +/- 1.67110) regions (P = 0.001). Procyanidin + vitamins A, C, E proved to be safe and well tolerated, with minimal adverse events.
Conclusions: In this 8-week trial period, oral procyanidin + vitamins A, C, E proved to be safe and effective among Filipino women with epidermal melasma.