Inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cell lines CaOV3 and SKOV3 by natural withanolide Withaferin A

Gynecol Oncol. 2012 Mar;124(3):606-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.11.044. Epub 2011 Dec 3.

Abstract

Objective: Withaferin A, a natural withanolide, has shown anti-cancer properties in various cancers including breast cancer, but its effects in ovarian cancer remain unexplored. Notch 1 and Notch3 are critically involved in ovarian cancer progression. We decided to examine the effects of Withaferin A in ovarian carcinoma cell lines and its molecular mechanism of action including its regulation of Notch.

Methods: The effects of Withaferin A were examined in CaOV3 and SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cell lines using MTS assay, clonogenic assay, annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometry, and cell cycle analysis. Western analysis was conducted to examine the molecular mechanisms of action.

Results: Withaferin A inhibited the growth and colony formation of CaOV3 and SKOV3 cells by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. These changes correlated with down-regulation of Notch1, Notch3, cdc25C, total and phosphorylated Akt, and bcl-2 proteins.

Conclusions: Withaferin A inhibits CaOV3 and SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cell growth, at least in part by targeting Notch1 and Notch3.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Cell Growth Processes / drug effects
  • Down-Regulation
  • Female
  • G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Humans
  • M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Oncogene Protein v-akt / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Oncogene Protein v-akt / metabolism
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / pathology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • Receptor, Notch1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptor, Notch1 / metabolism
  • Receptor, Notch3
  • Receptors, Notch / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Notch / metabolism
  • Withanolides / pharmacology*
  • cdc25 Phosphatases / metabolism

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • NOTCH1 protein, human
  • NOTCH3 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Receptor, Notch1
  • Receptor, Notch3
  • Receptors, Notch
  • Withanolides
  • Oncogene Protein v-akt
  • CDC25C protein, human
  • cdc25 Phosphatases
  • withaferin A