The C-C motif chemokine ligand 3-like (CCL3L) protein is a potent chemoattractant which by binding to C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry. Copy number variation (CNV) of the CCL3L has been shown to be associated with HIV susceptibility and progression to AIDS, but these results have been inconsistent. We examined a Zimbabwean study population for an association of CCL3L CNV with HIV status, progression (CD4 T-cells and viral load), and survival. Another aim was to investigate the possible effects of CCL3L CNV on CCL3 protein concentration. A treatment-naïve cohort, which included 153 HIV infected and 159 HIV uninfected individuals, was followed for up to 4.3 years. The CNV of the CCL3L was determined by duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found no association between four CCL3L CNV strata and HIV status (P=0.7), CD4 T-cell count (P=0.9), viral load (P=0.9), or CCL3 protein levels (P=1.0). Survival among the HIV infected individuals did not differ according to CCL3L copy number. In this cohort, CCL3L CNV did not affect HIV status, pathogenesis, or survival.
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