Celiac disease: a disease with varied manifestations in adults and adolescents

J Dig Dis. 2013 Oct;14(10):518-25. doi: 10.1111/1751-2980.12078.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to determine the characteristics of patients with celiac disease and differences between those who presented during adolescence or adulthood.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the case records of 233 consecutive patients with celiac disease who were diagnosed at 12-18 years or >18 years of age. The diagnosis of celiac disease was made on the basis of the modified European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition criteria.

Results: The diagnosis of celiac disease was made after 18 years of age in 153 (65.7%) patients. Median duration of symptoms at the diagnosis was 54 months (range 1 month to 29 years). In all, 103 (44.2%) patients with atypical manifestations were referred by other departments for evaluation. Chronic diarrhea (48.5%), short stature (27.0%) and chronic anemia (9.0%) were the common modes of presentation. Elevated level of aminotransaminase were present in 50 (24.3%) patients. Chronic diarrhea, hypocalcemia and hypoalbuminemia were present in significantly higher number of adult than adolescent patients. In all, 227 (97.4%) patients responded to a 6-month gluten-free diet and six non-responders were non-compliant.

Conclusions: More than 40% of the patients with celiac disease present to clinicians other than gastroenterologists or internists with atypical manifestations. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosing its variant forms.

Keywords: celiac disease; chronic diarrhea; malabsorption; short stature; small intestine; villous atrophy.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Anemia / etiology
  • Autoimmune Diseases / etiology
  • Celiac Disease / complications
  • Celiac Disease / diagnosis*
  • Celiac Disease / diet therapy
  • Celiac Disease / immunology
  • Chronic Disease
  • Diarrhea / etiology
  • Diet, Gluten-Free
  • Duodenum / pathology
  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Mucosa / pathology
  • Male
  • Referral and Consultation / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult