Estradiol decreases taurine level by reducing cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase via the estrogen receptor-α in female mice liver

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2015 Feb 15;308(4):G277-86. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00107.2014. Epub 2014 Nov 13.

Abstract

Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD) and cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) are two rate-limiting enzymes in taurine de novo synthesis, and their expressions are associated with estrogen concentration. The present study was designed to determine the relationship between 17β-estradiol (E₂) and taurine in female mice liver. We initially observed the mice had lower levels of CSAD, CDO, and taurine during estrus than diestrus. We then, respectively, treated the ovariectomized mice, the cultured hepatocytes, and Hep G2 cells with different doses of E₂, and the CSAD and CDO expressions and taurine levels were analyzed. The results showed that E₂ decreased taurine level in the serum and the cultured cells by inhibiting CSAD and CDO expressions. Furthermore, we identified the molecular receptor types through which E₂ plays its role in regulating taurine synthesis, and our results showed that estrogen receptor-α (ERα) expression was much higher than estrogen receptor-β (ERβ) in the liver and hepatocytes, and the inhibiting effects of E₂ on CSAD, CDO, and taurine level were partially abrogated in the ICI-182,780-pretreated liver and hepatocytes, and in ERα knockout mice. These results indicate that estradiol decreases taurine content by reducing taurine biosynthetic enzyme expression in mice liver.

Keywords: cysteine dioxygenase.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carboxy-Lyases / genetics
  • Carboxy-Lyases / metabolism*
  • Cysteine Dioxygenase / genetics
  • Cysteine Dioxygenase / metabolism
  • Diestrus / blood
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Down-Regulation
  • Estradiol / pharmacology*
  • Estrogen Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha / agonists*
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha / deficiency
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha / genetics
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha / metabolism
  • Estrogen Replacement Therapy*
  • Estrogens / pharmacology*
  • Estrus / blood
  • Female
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Hepatocytes / drug effects*
  • Hepatocytes / enzymology
  • Humans
  • Liver / drug effects*
  • Liver / enzymology
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Ovariectomy
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Taurine / blood*

Substances

  • Estrogen Receptor Antagonists
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha
  • Estrogens
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Taurine
  • Estradiol
  • Cysteine Dioxygenase
  • Carboxy-Lyases
  • sulfoalanine decarboxylase