Yeast diversity and native vigor for flavor phenotypes

Trends Biotechnol. 2015 Mar;33(3):148-54. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.12.009. Epub 2015 Jan 24.

Abstract

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the yeast used widely for beer, bread, cider, and wine production, is the most resourceful eukaryotic model used for genetic engineering. A typical concern about using engineered yeasts for food production might be negative consumer perception of genetically modified organisms. However, we believe the true pitfall of using genetically modified yeasts is their limited capacity to either refine or improve the sensory properties of fermented foods under real production conditions. Alternatively, yeast diversity screening to improve the aroma and flavors could offer groundbreaking opportunities in food biotechnology. We propose a 'Yeast Flavor Diversity Screening' strategy which integrates knowledge from sensory analysis and natural whole-genome evolution with information about flavor metabolic networks and their regulation.

Keywords: flavor phenotype; food biotechnology; wine fermentation; yeast biodiversity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biological Factors / metabolism*
  • Flavoring Agents / metabolism*
  • Food Microbiology / methods*
  • Genetic Testing
  • Genetic Variation
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Organisms, Genetically Modified / genetics
  • Organisms, Genetically Modified / metabolism
  • Phenotype
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / isolation & purification
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism*

Substances

  • Biological Factors
  • Flavoring Agents