Exome sequencing identifies a homozygous C5orf42 variant in a Turkish kindred with oral-facial-digital syndrome type VI

Am J Med Genet A. 2015 Sep;167A(9):2132-7. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37092. Epub 2015 Apr 6.

Abstract

Oral-facial-digital syndrome type VI (OFDVI) is a rare ciliopathy in the spectrum of Joubert syndrome (JS) and distinguished from other oral-facial-digital syndromes by metacarpal abnormalities with central polydactyly and by a molar tooth sign on cranial MRI. Additional characteristic features include short stature, micrognathia, posteriorly rotated low-set ears, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, broad nasal tip, tongue hamartoma, upper lip notch, intraoral frenula, cleft lip/palate, and renal anomalies. Recently, novel mutations in C5orf42 were identified in 9 out of 11 OFDVI families. In a subsequent study C5orf42 was found to be mutated in only 2 out of 17 OFDVI probands while 28 patients with a pure JS phenotype also had pathogenic mutations of C5orf42. We report on two affected cousins diagnosed with OFDVI who were born from first degree cousin marriages. Whole exome sequencing (WES) identified a homozygous predicted damaging missense mutation (c.4034A > G; p.Gln1345Arg) in the C5orf42 gene. Our data contribute to the evidence that C5orf42 is one of the causative genes for OFDVI.

Keywords: C5orf42; ciliopathy; oral-facial-digital syndrome type VI.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple / genetics
  • Cerebellar Diseases / genetics
  • Cerebellum / abnormalities
  • Child
  • Cleft Palate / genetics
  • Exome / genetics*
  • Eye Abnormalities / genetics
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics*
  • Hamartoma / genetics
  • Homozygote
  • Humans
  • Kidney Diseases, Cystic / genetics
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics*
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation / genetics*
  • Orofaciodigital Syndromes / genetics*
  • Phenotype
  • Retina / abnormalities
  • Turkey

Substances

  • CPLANE1 protein, human
  • Membrane Proteins

Supplementary concepts

  • Agenesis of Cerebellar Vermis
  • Orofaciodigital syndrome 6