Clinical Problems Caused by Obesity

Ioannis Kyrou; Harpal S Randeva; Constantine Tsigos; Grigorios Kaltsas; Martin O Weickert

Clinical Problems Caused by Obesity

Review

In: Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000.

2018 Jan 11.

Authors

Ioannis Kyrou¹, Harpal S Randeva², Constantine Tsigos³, Grigorios Kaltsas⁴, Martin O Weickert⁵

Book Editors

Kenneth R Feingold¹, Bradley Anawalt², Marc R Blackman³, Alison Boyce⁴, George Chrousos⁵, Emiliano Corpas⁶, Wouter W de Herder⁷, Ketan Dhatariya⁸, Kathleen Dungan⁹, Johannes Hofland¹⁰, Sanjay Kalra¹¹, Gregory Kaltsas¹², Nitin Kapoor¹³, Christian Koch¹⁴, Peter Kopp¹⁵, Márta Korbonits¹⁶, Christopher S Kovacs¹⁷, Wendy Kuohung¹⁸, Blandine Laferrère¹⁹, Miles Levy²⁰, Elizabeth A McGee²¹, Robert McLachlan²², Maria New²³, Jonathan Purnell²⁴, Rakesh Sahay²⁵, Amy S Shah²⁶, Frederick Singer²⁷, Mark A Sperling²⁸, Constantine A Stratakis²⁹, Dace L Trence³⁰, Don P Wilson³¹

Affiliations

¹ Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK, Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, CV2 2DX, Coventry, UK, Translational & Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK, Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, CV1 5FB, UK, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
² Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK, Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, CV2 2DX, Coventry, UK, Translational & Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK, Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, CV1 5FB, UK
³ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
⁴ Dr. Gregory Kaltsas MD FRCP (Lon) is a Professor in General Medicine and Endocrinology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. He was trained in General Medicine in Athens, Greece and London UK and in Endocrinology at the Middlesex and St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, UK. He developed a particular interest in Neuroendocrinology (pituitary and neuroendocrine tumors) and adrenal physiology and diseases. Upon returning to Greece he established a neuroendocrine network and he is currently running the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence at Laiko Hospital in Athens, Greece. He has served as a member of the advisory board of ENETS and of the Executive Committee of the European Neuroendocrine Association (ENEA) and he has been elected in the Executive Committee of the International Society of Endocrinology. He has published more than 300 original papers, reviews and chapters and serves on editorial boards and associate editor in several endocrine journals.
⁵ Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, CV2 2DX, Coventry, UK, Translational & Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK, Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, CV1 5FB, UK, martin.weickert@uhcw.nhs.uk

Book Affiliations

¹ Professor of Medicine Emeritus, University of California, San Francisco, CA
² Chief of Medicine at the University of Washington Medical Center and Professor and Vice Chair of the Department of Medicine, University of Washington
³ Sr. Physician Scientist, Washington DC VA Medical Center; Professor of Medicine & Rehabilitation Medicine, Georgetown University; Clinical Professor of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University; and Professor of Medicine (Part-time), Johns Hopkins University
⁴ Pediatric Endocrinologist and Associate Research Physician in the Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
⁵ Professor of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
⁶ M.D. Ph.D in Gerontology. Honorary Professor of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid. Consultant in Endocrinology, Hospital HLA Guadalajara (Spain).
⁷ Professor of Endocrine Oncology, Erasmus MC and Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
⁸ Consultant in Diabetes, Endocrinology and General Medicine, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
⁹ Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Ohio State University
¹⁰ Consultant Endocrinologist, Erasmus MC and Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
¹¹ Consultant Endocrinologist, Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India
¹² Professor of General Medicine-Endocrinology, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
¹³ Professor of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
¹⁴ Professor, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
¹⁵ Professor of Medicine and Chief of the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
¹⁶ Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre Lead for Endocrinology and Deputy Institute Director, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, England
¹⁷ University Research Professor and Professor of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Obstetrics & Gynecology, and BioMedical Sciences, at Memorial University of Newfoundland in St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada.
¹⁸ Director of the Division of Reproductive Endocrinology at Boston Medical Center and an Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Boston University School of Medicine
¹⁹ Professor of Medicine, New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
²⁰ Consultant endocrinologist at University Hospitals of Leicester and Honorary Associate Professor at Leicester University
²¹ Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Vermont and Director of the Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility. Burlington, Vermont
²² Director of Clinical Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Consultant Endocrinologist, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia
²³ Professor of Pediatrics, Professor of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, and Chief of the Adrenal Steroid Disorders Program, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
²⁴ Professor of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute and the Division of Endocrinology, and Associate Director, Bob and Charlee Moore Institute for Nutrition and Wellness, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
²⁵ Professor and Head of Department of Endocrinology, Osmania Medical College and Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, India.
²⁶ Professor of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati, Department of Pediatrics and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
²⁷ Director of the Endocrine/Bone Disease Program, Saint Johns Cancer Institute at Saint John’s Health Center, Santa Monica, CA; Clinical Professor of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
²⁸ Professorial Lecturer, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Emeritus Professor and Chair, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh.
²⁹ CSO, ELPEN, Inc. & Director, Research Institute, Athens, Greece & Senior Investigator, Human Genetics & Precision Medicine, FORTH (ITE), Heraklion, Greece. Emeritus Scientific Director & Senior Investigator, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
³⁰ Professor of Medicine, Emeritus, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
³¹ Endowed Chair, Cardiovascular Health and Risk Prevention, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX

PMID: 25905207
Bookshelf ID: NBK278973

Excerpt

Obesity constitutes a worldwide epidemic with prevalence rates which are increasing in most Western societies and in the developing world. By 2025, if this trend continues, the global obesity prevalence will reach 18% in men and exceed 21% in women. Furthermore, it is now well-established that obesity (depending on the degree, duration, and distribution of the excess weight/adipose tissue) can progressively cause and/or exacerbate a wide spectrum of co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, reproductive dysfunction, respiratory abnormalities, psychiatric conditions, and even increase the risk for certain types of cancer. This chapter presents an overview of these links focusing on the most common obesity-related co-morbidities.

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