Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in Europe: trends and outcomes over 25 years. A study by the EBMT Chronic Malignancies Working Party

Leukemia. 2016 Oct;30(10):2047-2054. doi: 10.1038/leu.2016.101. Epub 2016 Apr 27.

Abstract

We describe the use and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for multiple myeloma (MM) in Europe between January 1990 and December 2012. We identified 7333 patients, median age at allo-HSCT was 51 years (range: 18-78), of whom 4539 (62%) were males. We distinguished three groups: (1) allo-HSCT upfront (n=1924), (2) tandem auto-allo-HSCT (n=2004) and (3) allo-HSCT as a second line treatment and beyond (n=3405). Overall, there is a steady increase in numbers of allo-HSCT over the years. Upfront allo-HSCT use increased up to year 2000, followed by a decrease thereafter and represented 12% of allo-HSCTs performed in 2012. Tandem auto-allo-HSCT peaked around year 2004 and contributed to 19% of allo-HSCTs in 2012. Allo-HSCT as salvage after one or two or three autografts was steadily increasing over the last years and represented 69% of allo-HSCTs in 2012. Remarkable heterogeneity in using allo-HSCT was observed among the different European countries. The 5-year survival probabilities from time of allo-HSCT for the three groups after year 2004 were 42%, 54% and 32%, respectively. These results show that the use of allo-HSCT is increasing in Europe, especially as second line treatment and beyond. There is an unmet need for well-designed prospective studies investigating allo-HSCT as salvage therapy for MM.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Europe
  • Female
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / methods*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / trends
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / mortality
  • Multiple Myeloma / therapy*
  • Survival Rate
  • Transplantation, Homologous
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult