Abstract
A recent study reported that histone lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, KDM1A) is overexpressed in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) and associated with tumor progression as well as poor prognosis. However, the physiological function and mechanism of LSD1 in endometrial cancer (EC) remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that β-estradiol (E2) treatment increased LSD1 expression via the GPR30/PI3K/AKT pathway in endometrial cancer cells. Both siGPR30 and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 block this effect. RNAi-mediated silencing of LSD1 abolished estrogen-driven endometrial cancer cell (ECC) proliferation, and induced G1 cell arrest and apoptosis. Mechanistically, we find that LSD1 silencing results in PI3K/AKT signal inactivation, but without the elevation of PTEN expression as expected. This is because the inhibition of LSD1 induces dimethylation of lysine 9 on histone H3 (H3K9m2) accumulation at the promoter region of cyclin D1. Interfering with cyclin D1 leads to PI3K/AKT signal suppression. Re-overexpression of cyclin D1 in LSD1-knockdown ECCs reverses the LSD1 inhibitory action. Our finding connects estrogen signaling with epigenetic regulation in EEC and provides novel experimental support for LSD1 as a potential target for endometrial cancer therapeutics.
MeSH terms
-
Apoptosis / drug effects
-
Apoptosis / genetics
-
Cell Line, Tumor
-
Cell Proliferation / drug effects
-
Cell Proliferation / genetics
-
Chromones / pharmacology
-
Cyclin D1 / genetics
-
Cyclin D1 / metabolism*
-
Endometrial Neoplasms / mortality
-
Endometrial Neoplasms / pathology*
-
Estradiol / pharmacology
-
Estrogens / metabolism*
-
Female
-
G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
-
G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / genetics
-
Histone Demethylases / biosynthesis
-
Histone Demethylases / metabolism*
-
Histones / metabolism*
-
Humans
-
Methylation
-
Middle Aged
-
Morpholines / pharmacology
-
PTEN Phosphohydrolase / metabolism
-
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism*
-
Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
-
Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
-
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism*
-
RNA Interference
-
RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
-
Receptors, Estrogen / genetics
-
Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism
-
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / genetics
-
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism
Substances
-
CCND1 protein, human
-
Chromones
-
Estrogens
-
GPER1 protein, human
-
Histones
-
Morpholines
-
Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
-
RNA, Small Interfering
-
Receptors, Estrogen
-
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
-
Cyclin D1
-
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
-
Estradiol
-
Histone Demethylases
-
KDM1A protein, human
-
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
-
PTEN Phosphohydrolase
-
PTEN protein, human