BP1, a potential biomarker for breast cancer prognosis

Biomark Med. 2018 May;12(5):535-545. doi: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0212. Epub 2018 Mar 26.

Abstract

Homeobox genes are critical in tumor development. An isoform protein of DLX4 called BP1 is expressed in 80% of invasive ductal breast carcinomas. BP1 overexpression is implicated in an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. BP1 upregulation is associated with estrogen receptor negativity so those tumors do not respond to antiestrogens. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. BP1 could serve as both a novel prognostic biomarker for breast cancer and a therapeutic target. In this review, we address the role of BP1 protein in tumorigenesis of breast cancer and four other malignancies. A number of functions of BP1 in cancer are also discussed.

Keywords: BP1; BP1 target; DLX4; biomarker; breast cancer; distal-less family; estrogen receptor; homeobox genes; isoform; oncogene.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / chemistry
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism*
  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Breast Neoplasms / genetics
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Homeodomain Proteins / chemistry
  • Homeodomain Proteins / genetics
  • Homeodomain Proteins / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Prognosis
  • Transcription Factors / chemistry
  • Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism*

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • DLX4 protein, human
  • Homeodomain Proteins
  • Transcription Factors