The diversity of Trichoderma species from soil in South Africa, with five new additions

Mycologia. 2018 May-Jun;110(3):559-583. doi: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1463059. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Abstract

Fourteen Trichoderma (Hypocreales) species were identified during a survey of the genus in South Africa. These include T. afroharzianum, T. asperelloides, T. asperellum, T. atrobrunneum, T. atroviride, T. camerunense, T. gamsii, T. hamatum, T. koningii, T. koningiopsis, T. saturnisporum, T. spirale, T. virens, and T. viride. Ten of these species were not known to occur in South Africa prior to this investigation. Five additional species were novel and are described here as T. beinartii, T. caeruleimontis, T. chetii, T. restrictum, and T. undulatum. These novel Trichoderma species display morphological traits that are typical of the genus. Based on molecular identification using calmodulin, endochitinase, nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), RNA polymerase II subunit B, and translation elongation factor 1-α gene sequence data, T. beinartii, T. caeruleimontis, and T. chetii were found to belong to the Longibrachiatum clade, whereas T. restrictum is a member of the Hamatum clade. Trichoderma undulatum occupies a distinct lineage distantly related to other Trichoderma species. Strains of T. beinartii and T. chetii were isolated previously in Hawaii and Israel; however, T. caeruleimontis, T. restrictum, and T. undulatum are so far known only from South Africa.

Keywords: 5 new taxa; Diversity survey; new species; phylogeny; separate lineage.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biodiversity*
  • Calmodulin / genetics
  • Chitinases / genetics
  • DNA, Fungal / genetics
  • DNA, Ribosomal / genetics
  • Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / genetics
  • Phylogeny*
  • RNA Polymerase II / genetics
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Soil Microbiology*
  • South Africa
  • Species Specificity
  • Trichoderma / classification*
  • Trichoderma / cytology*
  • Trichoderma / genetics

Substances

  • Calmodulin
  • DNA, Fungal
  • DNA, Ribosomal
  • Peptide Elongation Factor 1
  • RNA Polymerase II
  • Chitinases