Critical Issues in Diamond-Blackfan Anemia and Prospects for Novel Treatment

Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2018 Aug;32(4):701-712. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Abstract

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a severe congenital hypoplastic anemia caused by mutation in a ribosomal protein gene. Major clinical issues concern the optimal management of patients resistant to steroids, the first-line therapy. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is indicated in young patients with an HLA-matched unaffected sibling donor, and recent results with matched unrelated donor transplants indicate that these patients also do well. When neither steroids nor a transplant is possible red cell transfusions are required, and iron loading is rapid in some DBA patients, so effective chelation is vital. Also discussed are novel treatments under investigation for DBA.

Keywords: Diamond-Blackfan anemia; GATA1; Red cell aplasia; Ribosomal protein gene mutation; Ribosome function.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Allografts
  • Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan* / genetics
  • Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan* / metabolism
  • Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan* / pathology
  • Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan* / therapy
  • Erythrocyte Transfusion*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation*
  • Humans
  • Mutation*
  • Siblings
  • Tissue Donors*