Ocular manifestations of Emanuel syndrome

Am J Med Genet A. 2018 Sep;176(9):1964-1967. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40361. Epub 2018 Sep 4.

Abstract

Emanuel syndrome is caused by a supernumerary der(22)t(11;22) and typically manifests with intellectual disability and craniofacial dysmorphism. Ocular abnormalities have infrequently been described. We report a 36-year-old man with severe intellectual disability, aphasia, and facial dysmorphism, with high myopia and juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG). Microarray analysis results included 47,XY,+der(22)t(11;22)(q23;q11.2), and a 269 kb deletion of 7q31.33(125,898,014-126,166,829). Two candidate genes were identified as possible etiologies for the ocular pathologies in our patient: a MFRP duplication on chromosome 11, which may play a role in high myopia and dysregulation of emmetropization, and a GRM8 deletion on chromosome 7, which may cause glutamate-induced excitotoxicity and therefore have a role in the development of JOAG, unrelated to the Emanuel syndrome genotype. We provide the first detailed description these ocular abnormalities in a patient with Emmanuel syndrome.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Chromosome Aberrations
  • Chromosome Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Chromosome Disorders / genetics
  • Cleft Palate / diagnosis*
  • Cleft Palate / genetics
  • Eye Abnormalities*
  • Facies
  • Genetic Association Studies
  • Genetic Testing
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / diagnosis*
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / genetics
  • Humans
  • Intellectual Disability / diagnosis*
  • Intellectual Disability / genetics
  • Male
  • Muscle Hypotonia / diagnosis*
  • Muscle Hypotonia / genetics
  • Phenotype*

Supplementary concepts

  • Emanuel syndrome