Health literacy (HL) is the capacity of individuals, families, and communities to make sound health decisions in the context of everyday life: at home, at the workplace, and in the community, marketplace, healthcare sector, and political arena. The aim of this study, as a part of a research conducted in Florence (Italy) and its surrounding, is to validate the Italian version of the short form (HLS-EU-Q16) and of the short-short form (HLS-EU-Q6) of the HLS-EU-Q47, as a part of a research conducted to assess the level of HL in a population-based sample in Florence. Two-hundred twenty-three subjects (57% females; age: 53.7 ± 11.8 years) were interviewed. The results provided the first evidence for the reliability and validity of the HLS-EU-Q instruments (HLS-EU-Q16, HLS-EU-Q6, General-HL Index) in Italian general population. The differences in some of the results with respect to other published studies lay for specific cultural characteristics, that affect HL level and the relationships between HL, antecedents, and outcomes.