Urtica dioica Extract Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in HepG2 and HTC116 as Gastrointestinal Cancer Cell Lines

Mostafa Kardan; Alireza Rafiei; Monireh Golpour; Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh; Haleh Akhavan-Niaki; Sadegh Fattahi

doi:10.2174/1871520620666200311095836

Urtica dioica Extract Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in HepG2 and HTC116 as Gastrointestinal Cancer Cell Lines

Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020;20(8):963-969. doi: 10.2174/1871520620666200311095836.

Authors

Mostafa Kardan¹, Alireza Rafiei¹, Monireh Golpour², Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh³, Haleh Akhavan-Niaki⁴, Sadegh Fattahi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
² Molecular & Cell Biology Research Center, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran.
³ Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran.
⁴ Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
⁵ Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.

PMID: 32160852
DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200311095836

Abstract

Background: Nowadays the use of plant-derived products has been extensively examined in the treatment of many types of gastrointestinal cancers such as hepatocarcinoma and colon cancer. Urtica dioica is a traditional herb that has many pharmacological effects and wildly used as a therapeutic agent in cancer. Herein, we have evaluated the effects of the different concentrations of Methanolic Extract of Urtica dioica (MEUD) on viability, death pattern, and expression of the apoptosis-related gene in normal Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF), hepatocarcinoma cell lines (HepG2) and colon-cancer cell line (HCT116).

Methods: A high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed to simultaneously separate 3 phenolic acids in MEUD. HepG2 and HCT116 cell lines as well as HDF normal cell line were cultured in suitable media. After 24 and 48h, in the cultured cell with different concentrations of MEUD, cells viability was assessed by MTT assay, and apoptosis was also evaluated at the cellular level by Annexin V/PI flow cytometry analyzing and AO/EB staining. BCL2 and BAX gene expressions were assessed by TaqMan real-time PCR assay.

Results: MEUD showed antiproliferative effects on HepG2 and HTC116 cells after 48h with an IC50 value of about 410 and 420μg/ml, respectively (P < 0.001). Apoptotic cells were observed in HepG2 and HTC116 cells but not in HDF. Furthermore, the increased level of BAX/BCL-2 ratio was observed in HepG2 and HTC116 cells under the treatment of different concentrations of MEUD.

Conclusion: The MEUD may influence hepatocarcinoma and colon-cancer cell lines at specific doses and change their proliferation rate by changing the expression of BAX and BCL2.

Keywords: Cancer therapy; MTT assay; Urtica dioica; colon cancer; hepatocarcinoma; herbal medicine.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / isolation & purification
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
Apoptosis / drug effects*
Cell Proliferation / drug effects
Cell Survival / drug effects
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
HCT116 Cells
Hep G2 Cells
Humans
Molecular Structure
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
Plant Leaves / chemistry
Structure-Activity Relationship
Urtica dioica / chemistry*

Substances

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
Plant Extracts