p73: From the p53 shadow to a major pharmacological target in anticancer therapy

Pharmacol Res. 2020 Dec:162:105245. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105245. Epub 2020 Oct 15.

Abstract

p73, along with p53 and p63, belongs to the p53 family of transcription factors. Besides the p53-like tumor suppressive activities, p73 has unique roles, namely in neuronal development and differentiation. In addition, the TP73 gene is rarely mutated in tumors. This makes p73 a highly appealing therapeutic target, particularly towards cancers with a null or disrupted p53 pathway. Distinct isoforms are transcribed from the TP73 locus either with (TAp73) and without (ΔNp73) the N-terminal transactivation domain. Conversely to TA tumor suppressors, ΔN proteins exhibit oncogenic properties by inhibiting p53 and TA protein functions. As such, p73 isoforms compose a puzzled and challenging regulatory pathway. This state-of-the-art review affords an update overview on p73 structure, biological functions and pharmacological regulation. Importantly, it addresses the relevance of p73 isoforms in carcinogenesis, highlighting their potential as drug targets in anticancer therapy. A critical discussion of major pharmacological approaches to promote p73 tumor suppressive activities, with relevant survival outcomes for cancer patients, is also provided.

Keywords: Anticancer targeted therapy; TAp73; p53 family; ΔNp73.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Tumor Protein p73 / chemistry
  • Tumor Protein p73 / metabolism*
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism

Substances

  • Tumor Protein p73
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53