Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours: eating habits, activity and sleep behaviour

Public Health Nutr. 2021 Apr;24(6):1275-1290. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020004656. Epub 2020 Nov 16.

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle-related behaviour related to eating, activity and sleep pattern.

Design: Indexed study used a mixed method design. Phase I employed qualitative methods for development of questionnaire including literature review, focus group discussion, expert evaluation and pre-testing. Phase II used quantitative methods for establishing construct validity of the questionnaire via parallel factor analysis.

Participants: Phase 1 involved participation of experts from different fields (Departments of Medicine, Nutrition and Clinical Psychology) and general adult population. For phase II, data were collected from 124 adult respondents (female = 57·26 %); mean age (36 ± 14·8 years) residing in an urban setting.

Results: The questionnaire consisted of three sections: (A) socio-demographic and anthropometric parameters, (B) twenty-four items each for investigating the changes in eating, activity and sleep behaviour before v. during COVID-19, (C) six items assessing COVID-19 specific reasons for lifestyle change. The Cronbach's α value of the questionnaire is 0·83 suggesting its good internal consistency.

Conclusions: This appears to be a valid tool to assess the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours with potential utility for public health researchers to identify these changes at community level and develop strategies to reinforce corrective behaviours.

Keywords: COVID-19; Internal consistency; Lifestyle-related behaviour; Pandemic; Questionnaire; Validation.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • COVID-19 / prevention & control*
  • Communicable Disease Control / statistics & numerical data*
  • Exercise
  • Factor Analysis, Statistical
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Female
  • Health Impact Assessment / standards*
  • Humans
  • Life Style
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Research Design
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Sleep
  • Surveys and Questionnaires / standards*