DC-SIGN binding to mannosylated B-cell receptors in follicular lymphoma down-modulates receptor signaling capacity

Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 3;11(1):11676. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91112-7.

Abstract

In follicular lymphoma (FL), surface immunoglobulin (sIg) carries mandatory N-glycosylation sites in the variable regions, inserted during somatic hypermutation. These glycosylation sites are tumor-specific, indicating a critical function in FL. Added glycan unexpectedly terminates at high mannose (Mann) and confers capability for sIg-mediated interaction with local macrophage-expressed DC-SIGN lectin resulting in low-level activation of upstream B-cell receptor signaling responses. Here we show that despite being of low-level, DC-SIGN induces a similar downstream transcriptional response to anti-IgM in primary FL cells, characterized by activation of pathways associated with B-cell survival, proliferation and cell-cell communication. Lectin binding was also able to engage post-transcriptional receptor cross-talk pathways since, like anti-IgM, DC-SIGN down-modulated cell surface expression of CXCR4. Importantly, pre-exposure of a FL-derived cell line expressing sIgM-Mann or primary FL cells to DC-SIGN, which does not block anti-IgM binding, reversibly paralyzed the subsequent Ca2+ response to anti-IgM. These novel findings indicate that modulation of sIg function occurs in FL via lectin binding to acquired mannoses. The B-cell receptor alternative engagement described here provides two advantages to lymphoma cells: (i) activation of signaling, which, albeit of low-level, is sufficient to trigger canonical lymphoma-promoting responses, and (ii) protection from exogenous antigen by paralyzing anti-IgM-induced signaling. Blockade of this alternative engagement could offer a new therapeutic strategy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Calcium Signaling
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / genetics
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / metabolism*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Glycosylation
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin M / immunology
  • Lectins, C-Type / genetics
  • Lectins, C-Type / metabolism*
  • Lymphoma, Follicular / genetics
  • Lymphoma, Follicular / immunology
  • Lymphoma, Follicular / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / metabolism*
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / metabolism
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / genetics
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction*

Substances

  • CXCR4 protein, human
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin
  • Immunoglobulin M
  • Lectins, C-Type
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
  • Receptors, CXCR4
  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Calcium