Osteoformation potential of an allogenic partially demineralized bone matrix in critical-size defects in the rat calvarium

Ahmad Moustapha Diallo; Solène Rota; Michel Boissière; Raphaël Bardonnet; Emmanuel Pauthe; Hervé Petite; Henri M Benoist; Morad Bensidhoum; Fani Anagnostou

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2021.112207

Osteoformation potential of an allogenic partially demineralized bone matrix in critical-size defects in the rat calvarium

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2021 Aug:127:112207. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112207. Epub 2021 May 26.

Authors

Ahmad Moustapha Diallo¹, Solène Rota², Michel Boissière³, Raphaël Bardonnet⁴, Emmanuel Pauthe³, Hervé Petite⁵, Henri M Benoist⁶, Morad Bensidhoum⁵, Fani Anagnostou⁷

Affiliations

¹ CNRS, UMR 7052 - INSERM U1271, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Biology, Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Universiy of Paris, 10 Avenue de Verdun, 75010 Paris, France; Service of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology and Stomatology (IOS), University Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Sénégal; Faculty of Medecine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
² ERRMECe, Research Team on Extracellular Matrix-Cellular Relationships (EA1391), Biomaterials for Health Research Group, Institute of Materials I-MAT (FD4122), CY Tech, CY University Cergy Paris, International House of Research (MIR), rue Descartes, 95001 Neuville sur Oise cedex, France; Biobank, 3 rue Georges Charpak, 77127 Lieusaint, France.
³ ERRMECe, Research Team on Extracellular Matrix-Cellular Relationships (EA1391), Biomaterials for Health Research Group, Institute of Materials I-MAT (FD4122), CY Tech, CY University Cergy Paris, International House of Research (MIR), rue Descartes, 95001 Neuville sur Oise cedex, France.
⁴ Biobank, 3 rue Georges Charpak, 77127 Lieusaint, France.
⁵ CNRS, UMR 7052 - INSERM U1271, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Biology, Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Universiy of Paris, 10 Avenue de Verdun, 75010 Paris, France.
⁶ Service of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology and Stomatology (IOS), University Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Sénégal; Faculty of Medecine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Sénégal.
⁷ CNRS, UMR 7052 - INSERM U1271, Laboratory of Osteoarticular Biology, Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Universiy of Paris, 10 Avenue de Verdun, 75010 Paris, France; Service of Odontology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière APHP, U.F.R. of Odontology University of Paris, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France. Electronic address: fani.anagnostou@univ-paris-diderot.fr.

PMID: 34225859
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112207

Abstract

Allogenic demineralized bone matrix has been developed as a reliable alternative to the autologous bone graft. In the present study, we assessed the osteoformation potential of a partially demineralized bone matrix (PDBM) in a paste form obtained without an added carrier. This formulation included the preparation of cancelous bone from femoral heads after decellularision, delipidation, demineralization in HCl and autoclaving at 121 °C. Structural and biochemical characteristics of PDBM were determined using FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), hydroxyproline, DNA content assays, and optical ellipsometry. The osteoformation potential was evaluated in 8-, 6-, and 4-mm-diameter rat-calvarial bone defects by in vivo micro-CT analysis, performed immediately after surgery on days 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60. Moreover, histological and histomorphometric analyses were done on day 60. PDBM was compared to cancelous bone powder (BP) before its partial demineralization. The expression levels of selected inflammation-, angiogenesis-, and bone-related genes were also investigated by RT-PCR, 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery. Compared to the control group, the PDBM group exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05) in radiopacity in 8-mm- and 6-mm-diameter defects at all time points tested. On day 60, the amount of newly-formed bone was greater (16 and 1.6 folds; p < 0.001; respectively) compared to that in control defects. No bone formation was observed in defects filled with BP regardeless of the size. In 8-mm-diameter defect, PDBM was effective enough to induce the upregulation of genes pertinent to inflammation (i.e., TNFα, IL-6, and IL-8), angiogenesis (i.e., VEGF, VWF), and osteogenesis (ALP, RUNX2, BGLAP, SP7) by day 3 after surgery. This study showed that the tested PDBM deeply influences the early critical events involved in bone regeneration and exhibits efficient osteoformation capacity, making it an attractive graft option for treating defects in periodontal and maxillofacial areas.

Keywords: Bone allograft; Bone regeneration; Calvarial defect; Critical-size bone defect; Demineralized bone matrix.

MeSH terms

Animals
Bone Matrix*
Bone Regeneration
Bone Transplantation
Osteogenesis
Rats
Skull*