Metagenome-assembled genome sequences (MAGs) were generated from two wastewater treatment systems in two German cities (Göttingen and Greifswald), based on metagenomes derived from hospital effluent, different wastewater treatment stages, and adjacent water bodies. The MAGs mainly originated from bacterial members of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, "Candidatus Patescibacteria," Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexota, Desulfobacterota, and Verrucomicrobiota.