Semaphorin 3A Levels in Lupus with and without Secondary Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome and Renal Involvement

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate semaphorin 3A levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with and without renal involvement and secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS).

Methods: Patients with SLE were grouped according to the presence of secondary APS or renal involvement. The control group consisted of age-matched, nonsmoking, healthy volunteers. Semaphorin 3A levels were compared among groups. All patients with SLE were regrouped according to the presence of thrombotic events, miscarriages, and proteinuria, and semaphorin 3A levels were investigated. Finally, semaphorin 3A levels of all patients with SLE as a single group were compared to those of the control patients.

Results: The mean semaphorin 3A values were 16.16 ± 2.84 ng/mL in the control group, 9.05 ± 5.65 ng/mL in patients with SLE without nephritis and APS, 11.28 ± 5.23 ng/mL in the SLE with APS group, and 8.53 ± 5.11 ng/mL in the lupus nephritis group. When all 3 patient groups were examined as a single group, the mean semaphorin 3A value was significantly lower than that of the control group. Semaphorin 3A was reduced in patients with SLE with thromboembolism and/or history of miscarriage.

Conclusion: Semaphorin 3A levels were lower in all patient groups compared to the control group. Moreover, the reduced semaphorin 3A levels in patients with a history of thromboembolism and/or miscarriage suggest that semaphorin 3A may play an important role in the pathogenesis of vasculopathy.