Association between expression levels of p53, miRNA-21, and lncRNA-TCL6 and the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women

Background: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive pregnancy-related disorder. The etiology of preeclampsia is still not fully elucidated. Genetic factors are suggested to play a vital role.

Aim: The association between p53, miRNA-21, and lncRNA-TCL6 expression levels and the risk of preeclampsia and its onset and severity in pregnant women was evaluated.

Method: Expression levels of the analyzed RNAs were assessed in the serum samples from 75 preeclamptic pregnant women and 75 volunteer pregnant women with an uncomplicated pregnancy.

Results: Cases showed upregulated p53, lnc-TCL6, and downregulated miRNA-21. P53 expression and preeclampsia severity were substantially correlated, while miRNA-21 and lnc-TCL6 were not. None of them was associated with preeclampsia onset. In diagnosing preeclampsia, p53 had the best sensitivity (98.67 %), followed by miRNA-21 (97.33 %) and lnc-TCL6 (92 %). P53 had the highest sensitivity (68.42 %) for distinguishing mild from severe cases. Lnc-TCL6 exhibited 52.63 % sensitivity, while miRNA-21 had 52.63 % sensitivity. Finally, for discriminating early and late-onset cases, miRNA-21 demonstrated the highest sensitivity (66 %), followed by p53 (62 %) and lnc-TCL6 (54 %). P53 expression was inversely correlated with proteinuria. Parity, TLC, platelet count, AST, and ALT were positively correlated, while lnc-TCL6 expression was negatively correlated with miRNA-21 expression. However, parity negatively correlated with lnc-TCL6 expression.

Conclusion: P53, miRNA-21, and lnc-TCL6 were dysregulated in preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy, highlighting the role of apoptosis in its development. P53 can be a prognostic marker for preeclampsia, discriminating between mild and severe cases.