Regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis by the RNA binding protein FAM195A

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Jun 8;118(23):e2104650118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2104650118.

Abstract

Homeothermic vertebrates produce heat in cold environments through thermogenesis, in which brown adipose tissue (BAT) increases mitochondrial oxidation along with uncoupling of the electron transport chain and activation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Although the transcription factors regulating the expression of UCP1 and nutrient oxidation genes have been extensively studied, only a few other proteins essential for BAT function have been identified. We describe the discovery of FAM195A, a BAT-enriched RNA binding protein, which is required for cold-dependent thermogenesis in mice. FAM195A knockout (KO) mice display whitening of BAT and an inability to thermoregulate. In BAT of FAM195A KO mice, enzymes involved in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism are down-regulated, impairing their response to cold. Knockdown of FAM195A in brown adipocytes in vitro also impairs expression of leucine oxidation enzymes, revealing FAM195A to be a regulator of BCAA metabolism and a potential target for metabolic disorders.

Keywords: RNA binding protein; branched chain amino acids; brown adipose tissue; disordered domain protein; thermogenesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adipocytes, Brown*
  • Adipose Tissue, Brown*
  • Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / genetics
  • Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Transformed
  • Cold Temperature*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Thermogenesis*

Substances

  • Amino Acids, Branched-Chain
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins