Selectivity of 3-bromo-isoxazoline inhibitors between human and Plasmodium falciparum glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases

Bioorg Med Chem. 2016 Jun 15;24(12):2654-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.04.033. Epub 2016 Apr 19.

Abstract

Compounds based on the 3-Br-isoxazoline scaffold fully inhibit glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Plasmodium falciparum by selectively alkylating all four catalytic cysteines of the tetramer. Here, we show that, under the same experimental conditions that led to a fast and complete inhibition of the protozoan enzyme, the human ortholog was only 25% inhibited, with the alkylation of a single catalytic cysteine within the tetramer. The partial alkylation seems to produce a slow conformational rearrangement that severely limits the accessibility of the remaining active sites to bulky 3-Br-isoxazoline derivatives, but not to the substrate or smaller alkylating agents.

Keywords: 3-Br-isoxazoline; Covalent inhibition; Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Malaria; Plasmodium falciparum.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antimalarials / chemistry
  • Antimalarials / pharmacology
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / metabolism
  • Halogenation
  • Humans
  • Isoxazoles / chemistry*
  • Isoxazoles / pharmacology*
  • Malaria, Falciparum / drug therapy
  • Malaria, Falciparum / metabolism
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Plasmodium falciparum / drug effects
  • Plasmodium falciparum / enzymology*

Substances

  • Antimalarials
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Isoxazoles
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases