SAR Exploration of Tight-Binding Inhibitors of Influenza Virus PA Endonuclease

J Med Chem. 2019 Nov 14;62(21):9438-9449. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00747. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

Abstract

Significant efforts have been reported on the development of influenza antivirals including inhibitors of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase PA N-terminal (PAN) endonuclease. Based on recently identified, highly active metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs) for PAN endonuclease inhibition, a fragment-based drug development campaign was pursued. Guided by coordination chemistry and structure-based drug design, MBP scaffolds were elaborated to improve activity and selectivity. Structure-activity relationships were established and used to generate inhibitors of influenza endonuclease with tight-binding affinities. The activity of these inhibitors was analyzed using a fluorescence-quenching-based nuclease activity assay, and binding was validated using differential scanning fluorometry. Lead compounds were found to be highly selective for PAN endonuclease against several related dinuclear and mononuclear metalloenzymes. Combining principles of bioinorganic and medicinal chemistry in this study has resulted in some of the most active in vitro influenza PAN endonuclease inhibitors with high ligand efficiencies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents / chemistry*
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antiviral Agents / toxicity
  • Dogs
  • Endonucleases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Endonucleases / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / toxicity
  • Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / enzymology*
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
  • Models, Molecular
  • Protein Conformation
  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / chemistry*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase
  • Endonucleases