Tubulin polyglutamylase enzymes are members of the TTL domain protein family

Science. 2005 Jun 17;308(5729):1758-62. doi: 10.1126/science.1113010. Epub 2005 May 12.

Abstract

Polyglutamylation of tubulin has been implicated in several functions of microtubules, but the identification of the responsible enzyme(s) has been challenging. We found that the neuronal tubulin polyglutamylase is a protein complex containing a tubulin tyrosine ligase-like (TTLL) protein, TTLL1. TTLL1 is a member of a large family of proteins with a TTL homology domain, whose members could catalyze ligations of diverse amino acids to tubulins or other substrates. In the model protist Tetrahymena thermophila, two conserved types of polyglutamylases were characterized that differ in substrate preference and subcellular localization.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Brain / enzymology
  • Catalytic Domain*
  • Cilia / physiology
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Microtubules / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Movement
  • Peptide Synthases / chemistry*
  • Peptide Synthases / genetics
  • Peptide Synthases / isolation & purification
  • Peptide Synthases / metabolism*
  • Phylogeny
  • Polyglutamic Acid / chemistry*
  • Polyglutamic Acid / genetics
  • Polyglutamic Acid / isolation & purification
  • Polyglutamic Acid / metabolism*
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Subunits / chemistry
  • Protein Subunits / isolation & purification
  • Protein Subunits / metabolism
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Substrate Specificity
  • Tetrahymena thermophila / enzymology*
  • Tetrahymena thermophila / genetics
  • Tetrahymena thermophila / metabolism
  • Tubulin / chemistry*
  • Tubulin / genetics
  • Tubulin / isolation & purification
  • Tubulin / metabolism*

Substances

  • Protein Subunits
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Tubulin
  • Polyglutamic Acid
  • Peptide Synthases
  • tubulin polyglutamylase