Celastrol Induces Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits the Expression of the AML1-ETO/C-KIT Oncoprotein in t(8;21) Leukemia

Molecules. 2016 Apr 30;21(5):574. doi: 10.3390/molecules21050574.

Abstract

Resistance to chemotherapy is a major challenge to improving overall survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Therefore, the development of innovative therapies and the identification of more novel agents for AML are urgently needed. Celastrol, a compound extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook, exerts anticancer activity. We investigated the effect of celastrol in the t(8;21) AML cell lines Kasumi-1 and SKNO-1. We demonstrated that inhibition of cell proliferation activated caspases and disrupted mitochondrial function. In addition, we found that celastrol downregulated the AML1-ETO fusion protein, therefore downregulating C-KIT kinases and inhibiting AKT, STAT3 and Erk1/2. These findings provide clear evidence that celastrol might provide clinical benefits to patients with t(8;21) leukemia.

Keywords: 21) leukemia; C-KIT; apoptosis; celastrol; mitochondrial dysfunction; t(8.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
  • Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit / biosynthesis*
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / genetics
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / metabolism
  • Pentacyclic Triterpenes
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / biosynthesis*
  • RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein
  • Transcription Factors / biosynthesis*
  • Translocation, Genetic
  • Triterpenes / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit
  • Pentacyclic Triterpenes
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein
  • RUNX1 protein, human
  • RUNX1T1 protein, human
  • Transcription Factors
  • Triterpenes
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
  • celastrol