th2 tyrosine hydroxylase 2 [Danio rerio (zebrafish)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: th2provided by ZNC
Official Full Name: tyrosine hydroxylase 2provided by ZNC
Primary source: ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-050201-1
See related: Ensembl:ENSDARG00000038384 AllianceGenome:ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-050201-1
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Danio rerio
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Ostariophysi; Cypriniformes; Danionidae; Danioninae; Danio
Summary: Enables tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity. Acts upstream of or within dopamine biosynthetic process and serotonin biosynthetic process. Predicted to be active in axon; cytoplasm; and perikaryon. Is expressed in head; kidney; liver; and nervous system. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: chromosome: 4

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
106	current	GRCz11 (GCF_000002035.6)	4	NC_007115.7 (17380551..17391419, complement)
105	previous assembly	GRCz10 (GCF_000002035.5)	4	NC_007115.6 (17391575..17402208, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_007115.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
Description: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
BioProject: PRJEB1986
Analysis date: Fri Dec 8 19:48:10 2017

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Tyrosine hydroxylase 2 expression is upregulated following acute ethanol in brain neural networks.
Title: Acute ethanol treatment upregulates Th1, Th2, and Hdc in larval zebrafish in stable networks.
that th2 is a gene encoding for tryptophan hydroxylase and should be used as a marker gene of serotonergic neurons
Title: Zebrafish tyrosine hydroxylase 2 gene encodes tryptophan hydroxylase.
expression of mRNA for genes required for catecholamine synthesis, particularly TH2 and DbetaH, were affected by hypoxia
Title: Interactive effects of development and hypoxia on catecholamine synthesis and cardiac function in zebrafish (Danio rerio).
We identified four th2-expressing dopaminergic cell groups in the zebrafish diencephalon, including neurons of the posterior preoptic nucleus, the paraventricular organ, and the nuclei of the lateral and posterior recesses in the caudal hypothalamus.
Title: Expression of the paralogous tyrosine hydroxylase encoding genes th1 and th2 reveals the full complement of dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons in zebrafish larval and juvenile brain.
th1 is predominant in the brain and th2 in the periphery, th2 may be a novel essential factor in regulation of catecholamine synthesis in zebrafish.
Title: Complementary developmental expression of the two tyrosine hydroxylase transcripts in zebrafish.

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General gene information

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Markers

fb02f10.x1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:189821

fb02f10.x1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:189822

AI330806 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:206819

Gene Ontology Provided by ZFIN

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables iron ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables monooxygenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables oxidoreductase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within aromatic amino acid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within catecholamine biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within dopamine biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within serotonin biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in axon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cell projection	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in perikaryon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: tyrosine hydroxylase 2

NP_001001829.1

EC 1.14.16.2

XP_005164791.1

EC 1.14.16.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001001829.1 → NP_001001829.1 tyrosine hydroxylase 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001001829.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

AY620823

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6IVB6

Related

ENSDARP00000056001.3, ENSDART00000056002.5

Conserved Domains (3) summary

TIGR01269
Location:16 → 468

Tyr_3_monoox; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tetrameric

cd04930
Location:16 → 133

ACT_TH; ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylases (TH)

pfam00351
Location:138 → 465

Biopterin_H; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Danio rerio Annotation Release 106 details...

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCz11 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_007115.7 Reference GRCz11 Primary Assembly

Range

17380551..17391419 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_005164734.4 → XP_005164791.1 tyrosine hydroxylase 2 isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8M2BBY7

Conserved Domains (3) summary

TIGR01269
Location:16 → 470

Tyr_3_monoox; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tetrameric

cd04930
Location:16 → 133

ACT_TH; ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylases (TH)

pfam00351
Location:138 → 467

Biopterin_H; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase