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    WWTR1 WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 25937, updated on 6-May-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    WWTR1provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    WW domain containing transcription regulator 1provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:24042
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000018408 MIM:607392; AllianceGenome:HGNC:24042
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    TAZ
    Summary
    Enables transcription coactivator activity. Involved in several processes, including hippo signaling; positive regulation of cell differentiation; and regulation of signal transduction. Located in cytosol and nuclear body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Annotation information
    Note: TAZ (GeneID 6901) and WWTR1 (GeneID 25937) loci share the TAZ symbol/alias in common. TAZ is a widely used alternative name for the transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (WWTR1) conflicting with the official symbol for tafazzin (TAZ). [19 Jun 2012]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in gall bladder (RPKM 24.8), endometrium (RPKM 22.7) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    3q25.1
    Exon count:
    16
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (149517235..149724788, complement)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (152268462..152476040, complement)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (149235022..149442575, complement)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149181411-149181912 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149181913-149182412 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 13408 Neighboring gene FKBP prolyl isomerase 1A pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14803 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15242 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14804 Neighboring gene transmembrane 4 L six family member 4 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15061 Neighboring gene eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 pseudogene 45 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14805 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 1098, pseudogene Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149291956-149292582 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149292583-149293209 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149293210-149293836 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149322409-149323099 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149369611-149370110 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14320 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149375639-149376218 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20682 Neighboring gene WWTR1 intronic transcript 1 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149388438-149388978 Neighboring gene WWTR1 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149396068-149396569 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149431193-149431694 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:149431695-149432194 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14807 Neighboring gene COMM domain containing 2 Neighboring gene ankyrin repeat and ubiquitin domain containing 1 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 507, pseudogene

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Hypoxia Triggers TAZ Phosphorylation in Basal A Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Liu Q, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2022 Sep 4. PMID 36077517, Free PMC Article
    2. Hippo signaling cofactor, WWTR1, at the crossroads of human trophoblast progenitor self-renewal and differentiation. Ray S, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2022 Sep 6. PMID 36037374, Free PMC Article
    3. TAZ Reduces UVA-mediated Photoaging through Regulates Cell Proliferation in Skin Fibroblasts. Wang M, et al. Photochem Photobiol, 2023 Jan. PMID 35598174
    4. Activated TAZ induces liver cancer in collaboration with EGFR/HER2 signaling pathways. Moon H, et al. BMC Cancer, 2022 Apr 19. PMID 35439973, Free PMC Article
    5. Recurrent WWTR1 S89W mutations and Hippo pathway deregulation in clear cell carcinomas of the cervix. Kim SH, et al. J Pathol, 2022 Aug. PMID 35411948, Free PMC Article

    See all (410) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Non-canonical IKB kinases regulate YAP/TAZ and pathological vascular remodeling behaviors in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
      Title: Non-canonical IKB kinases regulate YAP/TAZ and pathological vascular remodeling behaviors in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
    2. YAP/TAZ Signaling Enhances Angiogenesis of Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells in a High-Glucose Environment.
      Title: YAP/TAZ Signaling Enhances Angiogenesis of Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells in a High-Glucose Environment.
    3. External Mechanical Stability Regulates Hematoma Vascularization in Bone Healing Rather than Endothelial YAP/TAZ Mechanotransduction.
      Title: External Mechanical Stability Regulates Hematoma Vascularization in Bone Healing Rather than Endothelial YAP/TAZ Mechanotransduction.
    4. VGLL1 stabilization of cytoplasmic TAZ promotes EGFR expression and maintains tumor initiating cells in breast cancer independent of TEAD.
      Title: VGLL1 stabilization of cytoplasmic TAZ promotes EGFR expression and maintains tumor initiating cells in breast cancer independent of TEAD.
    5. EID3 inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and mediates the signal transduction of TAZ-EID3-AKT/MTOR/ERK.
      Title: EID3 inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and mediates the signal transduction of TAZ-EID3-AKT/MTOR/ERK.
    6. SEPTIN10-mediated crosstalk between cytoskeletal networks controls mechanotransduction and oncogenic YAP/TAZ signaling.
      Title: SEPTIN10-mediated crosstalk between cytoskeletal networks controls mechanotransduction and oncogenic YAP/TAZ signaling.
    7. Downregulation of TAZ elicits a mitochondrial redox imbalance and ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells exposed to diesel exhaust particles.
      Title: Downregulation of TAZ elicits a mitochondrial redox imbalance and ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells exposed to diesel exhaust particles.
    8. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that TAZ regulates the proliferation of KIRC cells through mitophagy.
      Title: Transcriptomics analysis revealed that TAZ regulates the proliferation of KIRC cells through mitophagy.
    9. Knockdown of CCM3 promotes angiogenesis through activation and nuclear translocation of YAP/TAZ.
      Title: Knockdown of CCM3 promotes angiogenesis through activation and nuclear translocation of YAP/TAZ.
    10. TAZ acting as a potential pathogenic biomarker to promote the development of lichen planus.
      Title: TAZ acting as a potential pathogenic biomarker to promote the development of lichen planus.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (379)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association study of pre-eclampsia detects novel maternal single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy-number variants in subsets of the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study cohort.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Knockdown of WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1; TAZ) by shRNA library screening inhibits HIV-1 replication in cultured Jurkat T-cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ27004, FLJ45718, DKFZp586I1419

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein homodimerization activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables transcription coactivator activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables transcription coactivator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables transcription coactivator activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables transcription coregulator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables transcription corepressor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in SMAD protein signal transduction IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cilium assembly IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glomerulus development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in heart process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in hippo signaling IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in hippo signaling IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in kidney morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mesenchymal cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in multicellular organism growth IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of fat cell differentiation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of protein kinase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of protein phosphorylation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in osteoblast differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein ubiquitination IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in stem cell division IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in tissue homeostasis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in nuclear body IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of transcription regulator complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1
    Names
    transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001168278.3 → NP_001161750.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001161750.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 4. Variants 1 through 4 all encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC012014, AK022036, AK130514, AL833852, DA338432
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3144.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6
      Related
      ENSP00000419465.1, ENST00000465804.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00456
      Location:125 → 156
      WW; Domain with 2 conserved Trp (W) residues

    2. NM_001168280.3 → NP_001161752.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001161752.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 4. Variants 1 through 4 all encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC012014, AL833852, DA854089
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3144.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6
      Related
      ENSP00000419234.1, ENST00000467467.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00456
      Location:125 → 156
      WW; Domain with 2 conserved Trp (W) residues

    3. NM_001348362.2 → NP_001335291.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) represents the longest transcript. Variants 1 through 4 all encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC012014, AC069216, AC108672, BQ003163
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3144.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00456
      Location:125 → 156
      WW; Domain with 2 conserved Trp (W) residues

    4. NM_015472.6 → NP_056287.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_056287.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant 12) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 4. Variants 1 through 4 all encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC012014, AK130514, AL833852, BC014052, DA760311
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3144.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6
      Related
      ENSP00000353847.3, ENST00000360632.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00456
      Location:125 → 156
      WW; Domain with 2 conserved Trp (W) residues

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      149517235..149724788 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047447933.1 → XP_047303889.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    2. XM_047447931.1 → XP_047303887.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    3. XM_047447932.1 → XP_047303888.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    4. XM_017006122.2 → XP_016861611.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00456
      Location:125 → 156
      WW; Domain with 2 conserved Trp (W) residues

    5. XM_047447930.1 → XP_047303886.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      152268462..152476040 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054346105.1 → XP_054202080.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    2. XM_054346110.1 → XP_054202085.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    3. XM_054346108.1 → XP_054202083.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    4. XM_054346109.1 → XP_054202084.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    5. XM_054346106.1 → XP_054202081.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    6. XM_054346107.1 → XP_054202082.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    7. XM_054346104.1 → XP_054202079.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6

    8. XM_054346103.1 → XP_054202078.1  WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D3DNH7, Q8N3P2, Q9GZV5, Q9Y3W6
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9GZV5.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9GZV5

    Gene LinkOut

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