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    MYCNOS MYCN opposite strand [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 10408, updated on 5-Mar-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    MYCNOSprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    MYCN opposite strandprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:16911
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000233718 MIM:605374; AllianceGenome:HGNC:16911
    Gene type
    ncRNA
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    NCYM; NYCM; N-CYM; MYCN-AS1
    Summary
    This gene is transcribed in antisense to the v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene neuroblastoma derived homolog gene (MYCN). It is thought to encode a small, novel protein that stabilizes MYCN, prevents apoptosis, and promotes cell proliferation. Transcripts at this locus may also act directly as functional RNAs to recruit transcriptional regulators to the promoter of MYCN and stimulate transcription of this oncogene. This gene therefore functions through both RNA and protein products. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]
    Expression
    Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
    Orthologs
    all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    2p24.3
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (15936265..15942433, complement)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (15967896..15974065, complement)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (16076387..16082555, complement)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA U13 Neighboring gene MYCN upstream transcript Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:16078668-16079225 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:16080270-16080800 Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 104, pseudogene Neighboring gene MYCN proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:16120447-16121234 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr2:16140957-16141151 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:16153570-16154181 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:16174407-16174907 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 15348 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:16197762-16198262 Neighboring gene gastric cancer associated transcript 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. De novo evolved gene product NCYM in the pathogenesis and clinical outcome of human neuroblastomas and other cancers. Suenaga Y, et al. Jpn J Clin Oncol, 2020 Aug 4. PMID 32577751
    2. Genes co-amplified with MYCN in neuroblastoma: silent passengers or co-determinants of phenotype? Scott D, et al. Cancer Lett, 2003 Jul 18. PMID 12880964
    3. Targeting excessive MYCN expression using MLN8237 and JQ1 impairs the growth of hepatoblastoma cells. Eberherr C, et al. Int J Oncol, 2019 May. PMID 30864675
    4. LSINCT5 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by interacting with NCYM to promote bladder cancer progression. Zhu X, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2018 Jul 20. PMID 29772237
    5. The long non-coding RNA MYCNOS-01 regulates MYCN protein levels and affects growth of MYCN-amplified rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma cells. O'Brien EM, et al. BMC Cancer, 2018 Feb 21. PMID 29466962, Free PMC Article

    See all (16) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. De novo evolved gene product NCYM in the pathogenesis and clinical outcome of human neuroblastomas and other cancers.
      Title: De novo evolved gene product NCYM in the pathogenesis and clinical outcome of human neuroblastomas and other cancers.
    2. Expression levels of TAp63mRNA inversely correlated with those of MYCN/NCYM expression in primary neuroblastomas, which was associated with a favorable prognosis.
      Title: TAp63 represses transcription of MYCN/NCYM gene and its high levels of expression are associated with favorable outcome in neuroblastoma.
    3. Results suggest that concomitant overexpression of MYCN and MYCNOS may be a general phenomenon in pediatric hepatoblastoma (HB) tumors, especially in those with more undifferentiated histology. Hypomethylation of the MYCN/MYCNOS locus is associated with high expression levels.
      Title: Targeting excessive MYCN expression using MLN8237 and JQ1 impairs the growth of hepatoblastoma cells.
    4. lncRNA long stress-induced noncoding transcript 5 (LSINCT5) is significantly upregulated in human bladder cancer cell lines and tumor specimens. Mechanistic investigations showed that LSINCT5 could physically interact with NCYM, a de novo gene product from the MYCN cis-antisense RNA and inhibit GSK3beta activity leading to enhanced Wnt/beta-catenin signaling activation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT).
      Title: LSINCT5 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by interacting with NCYM to promote bladder cancer progression.
    5. An alternative transcript of MYCNOS, MYCNOS-01, post-transcriptionally regulates MYCN levels and affects growth in MYCN-amplified rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma cells.
      Title: The long non-coding RNA MYCNOS-01 regulates MYCN protein levels and affects growth of MYCN-amplified rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma cells.
    6. High levels of NCYM expression in human neuroblastoma tissues correlate with high levels of N-Myc, NonO and lncUSMycN expression and poor patient survival, and treatment with BET bromodomain inhibitors reduces NCYM expression, providing further evidence for the application of BET bromodomain inhibitors for the therapy of neuroblastoma characterized by MYCN/NCYM gene locus amplification.
      Title: NCYM is upregulated by lncUSMycN and modulates N-Myc expression.
    7. functional interplay between MYCN, NCYM, and OCT4 contributes to aggressiveness of MYCN-amplified human neuroblastomas.
      Title: Functional interplay between MYCN, NCYM, and OCT4 promotes aggressiveness of human neuroblastomas.
    8. these results suggest that GSK3b inhibition by NCYM stabilizes the MYCN protein both in vitro and in vivo.
      Title: NCYM, a Cis-antisense gene of MYCN, encodes a de novo evolved protein that inhibits GSK3β resulting in the stabilization of MYCN in human neuroblastomas.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Other Names

    • DNA-binding transcriptional activator NCYM
    • MYCN antisense RNA 1
    • MYCN opposite strand/antisense RNA (non-protein coding)
    • N-myc opposite strand
    • v-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene, neuroblastoma derived opposite strand

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in negative regulation of kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of protein stability IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    RNA

    1. NR_110230.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC010145
      Related
      ENST00000641263.1

    2. NR_161162.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC010145, KF456635
      Related
      ENST00000419083.6

    3. NR_161163.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC010145, KF456635

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      15936265..15942433 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      15967896..15974065 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P40205.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P40205

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Miscellaneous