PSME3 proteasome activator subunit 3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PSME3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: proteasome activator subunit 3provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:9570
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000131467 MIM:605129; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9570
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: Ki; PA28G; HEL-S-283; PA28gamma; REG-GAMMA; PA28-gamma
Summary: The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. The immunoproteasome contains an alternate regulator, referred to as the 11S regulator or PA28, that replaces the 19S regulator. Three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma) of the 11S regulator have been identified. This gene encodes the gamma subunit of the 11S regulator. Six gamma subunits combine to form a homohexameric ring. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in esophagus (RPKM 20.0), urinary bladder (RPKM 19.8) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 17q21.31

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	17	NC_000017.11 (42833397..42843760)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	17	NC_060941.1 (43690536..43700899)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	17	NC_000017.10 (40985414..40995777)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Comprehensive analysis of PSME3: from pan-cancer analysis to experimental validation.
Title: Comprehensive analysis of PSME3: from pan-cancer analysis to experimental validation.
LncRNA PSMA3-AS1 activates the progression of triple-negative breast cancer cells by blocking miR-186-5p-mediated PSME3 inhibition.
Title: LncRNA PSMA3-AS1 activates the progression of triple-negative breast cancer cells by blocking miR-186-5p-mediated PSME3 inhibition.
MicroRNA-130a-3p impedes the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma through downregulation of KPNB1 by targeting PSME3.
Title: MicroRNA-130a-3p impedes the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma through downregulation of KPNB1 by targeting PSME3.
circFANCA accelerates the malignant process of OSCC by modulating miR-34a/PA28gamma signaling.
Title: circFANCA accelerates the malignant process of OSCC by modulating miR-34a/PA28γ signaling.
Proteasomal activator 28 gamma stabilizes hepatitis B virus X protein by competitively inhibiting the Siah-1-mediated proteasomal degradation.
Title: Proteasomal activator 28 gamma stabilizes hepatitis B virus X protein by competitively inhibiting the Siah-1-mediated proteasomal degradation.
PA28gamma-20S proteasome is a proteolytic complex committed to degrade unfolded proteins.
Title: PA28γ-20S proteasome is a proteolytic complex committed to degrade unfolded proteins.
The proteasome activator REGgamma accelerates cardiac hypertrophy by declining PP2Acalpha-SOD2 pathway.
Title: The proteasome activator REGγ accelerates cardiac hypertrophy by declining PP2Acα-SOD2 pathway.
REGgamma regulates hair cycle by activating Lgr5 positive hair follicle stem cells.
Title: REGγ regulates hair cycle by activating Lgr5 positive hair follicle stem cells.
Reciprocal REGgamma-mTORC1 regulation promotes glycolytic metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Title: Reciprocal REGγ-mTORC1 regulation promotes glycolytic metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma.
PA28gamma: New Insights on an Ancient Proteasome Activator.
Title: PA28γ: New Insights on an Ancient Proteasome Activator.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (70)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
Knockdown of proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 3 (PA28 gamma; Ki; PSME3) by shRNA library screening inhibits HIV-1 replication in cultured Jurkat T-cells	PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	HIV-1 Tat slightly enhances the activity of the purified 26 S proteasome	PubMed
	tat	Amino acids Lys51, Arg52, and Asp67 of HIV-1 Tat represent the proteasome binding site of Tat, and Tat amino acids 37-72 are necessary for proteasomal interaction and suppression of 11 S regulator-mediated antigen presentation	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat inhibits the peptidase activity of the 20 S proteasome and interferes with the formation of the 20 S proteasome-11 S regulator complex	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat binds to the alpha2, alpha4, alpha6, alpha7, beta1, beta2, beta3, beta5, beta6, beta7, LMP7/beta5i, and MECL1/beta2i subunits of the proteasome 20 S core structure and can inhibit cellular proteasome function	PubMed
Vif	vif	HIV-1 Vif is identified to have a physical interaction with proteasome activator subunit 3 (PSME3; PA28gamma) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses	PubMed
	vif	HIV-1 Vif binds to the cellular cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G and targets it for degradation through an interaction with the proteasome, thereby inhibiting APOBEC3G mediated restriction of HIV-1 replication	PubMed
integrase	gag-pol	Proteasomal degradation of HIV-1 integrase in mammalian cells occurs by the N-end rule pathway	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D17S897E (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473128

D8S2279 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473907

RH47258 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:72254

RH16239 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:2879

D15S1477 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:474482

D1S1425 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:149621

STS-U11292 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:9169

D3S1673 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:148450

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables endopeptidase activator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables endopeptidase activator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables p53 binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in apoptotic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of endopeptidase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in nucleus	HDA more info	PubMed
part_of proteasome activator complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of proteasome complex	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: proteasome activator complex subunit 3

Names: 11S regulator complex gamma subunit; 11S regulator complex subunit gamma; Ki antigen; Ki nuclear autoantigen; REG gamma-3; activator of multicatalytic protease subunit 3; epididymis secretory protein Li 283; proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 3 (PA28 gamma; Ki); proteasome activator 28 subunit gamma; proteasome activator 28-gamma

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001267045.2 → NP_001253974.1 proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform 3

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001253974.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) has a distinct N-terminus and is longer than isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC016889, AI304773, BI464061, BX640801

Consensus CDS

CCDS59290.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6FHK7

Related

ENSP00000409487.2, ENST00000441946.6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam02251
Location:25 → 80

PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit

pfam02252
Location:120 → 262

PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
NM_001330229.2 → NP_001317158.1 proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform 4

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC016889, CX866774

Consensus CDS

CCDS82133.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B3KQ25

Related

ENSP00000441682.1, ENST00000545225.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam02252
Location:48 → 190

PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
NM_005789.4 → NP_005780.2 proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005780.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the predominant isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AC016889, AI304773, BC001423, BI464061

Consensus CDS

CCDS45689.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A8K9A3, O35563, P61289, P97373, Q12920, Q13172, Q9BQD9

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6FHK7, V9HWJ8

Related

ENSP00000466794.1, ENST00000590720.6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam02251
Location:9 → 69

PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit

pfam02252
Location:109 → 251

PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
NM_176863.3 → NP_789839.1 proteasome activator complex subunit 3 isoform 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_789839.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2), uses ans alternate in-frame splice site, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is longer than isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC016889, AI304773, U11292

Consensus CDS

CCDS11442.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6FHK7

Related

ENSP00000293362.1, ENST00000293362.7

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam02251
Location:12 → 68

PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit

pfam02252
Location:108 → 265

PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit

RNA

NR_049772.2 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).

Source sequence(s)

AC016889, AI304773, AK303211, BI464061