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    PLA2G12B phospholipase A2 group XIIB [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 84647, updated on 5-Mar-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    PLA2G12Bprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    phospholipase A2 group XIIBprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:18555
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000138308 MIM:611653; AllianceGenome:HGNC:18555
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    GXIIB; FKSG71; PLA2G13; GXIIIsPLA2; sPLA2-GXIIB
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) group of enzymes, which function in glycolipid hydrolysis with the release of free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. This family member has altered phospholipid-binding properties and is catalytically inactive. The protein is secreted, and together with microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, it functions to regulate HNF4alpha-induced hepatitis C virus infectivity. The expression of this gene is down-regulated in various tumors, suggesting that it may function as a negative regulator of tumor progression. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]
    Expression
    Biased expression in liver (RPKM 15.3), small intestine (RPKM 14.6) and 5 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See PLA2G12B in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    10q22.1
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 10 NC_000010.11 (72934762..72954806, complement)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 10 NC_060934.1 (73806140..73826184, complement)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 10 NC_000010.10 (74694520..74714564, complement)

    Chromosome 10 - NC_000010.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene mitochondrial calcium uniporter Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902450 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr10:74516687-74517186 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7737 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6662 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr10:74658515-74658725 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 3553 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12879 Neighboring gene oncoprotein induced transcript 3 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902451 Neighboring gene nucleophosmin 1 pseudogene 24 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr10:74741016-74741516 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr10:74778077-74778636 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L17 pseudogene 50 Neighboring gene prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 3554 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr10:74856005-74856760

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Gene profiling of human VEGF signaling pathways in human endothelial and retinal pigment epithelial cells after anti VEGF treatment. Golan S, et al. BMC Res Notes, 2014 Sep 8. PMID 25201034, Free PMC Article
    2. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α and downstream secreted phospholipase A2 GXIIB regulate production of infectious hepatitis C virus. Li X, et al. J Virol, 2014 Jan. PMID 24173221, Free PMC Article
    3. Conservation of group XII phospholipase A2 from bacteria to human. Nevalainen TJ, et al. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics, 2012 Dec. PMID 22909802
    4. Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays of the complete set of secreted phospholipases A2 in human serum. Nevalainen TJ, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2005 Apr 15. PMID 15863368
    5. Lung mast cells are a source of secreted phospholipases A2. Triggiani M, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2009 Sep. PMID 19541351, Free PMC Article

    See all (21) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. FXR regulates serum triglyceride level in part through PLA2G12B.
      Title: Activation of farnesoid X receptor promotes triglycerides lowering by suppressing phospholipase A2 G12B expression.
    2. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) gene polymorphism association with hepatocellular carcinoma in Italian patients.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 causes an activation of phospholipase A2, resulting in the increased release of arachidonic acid, which may sensitize the NMDA receptor PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 induces a specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation in lymphocytes through binding to CD4, but this effect is not sufficient to accomplish virus/cell fusion PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC138151

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables calcium ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables phospholipase A2 activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in arachidonic acid secretion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cholesterol homeostasis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in lipid catabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in phospholipid metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in triglyceride homeostasis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein
    Names
    group XIII secreted phospholipase A2
    phospholipase A2, group XIII
    NP_001305053.1
    NP_001305054.1
    NP_115951.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001318124.2 → NP_001305053.1  group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein isoform b precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in an isoform (b) that is 1 aa shorter than isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK311349, BC143532, BP274516, DA536331
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9BX93
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06951
      Location:12 → 194
      PLA2G12; Group XII secretory phospholipase A2 precursor (PLA2G12)

    2. NM_001318125.2 → NP_001305054.1  group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein isoform c

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate exon in the 5' region, and it thus differs in its 5' UTR and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK311349
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl29745
      Location:11 → 105
      Phospholip_A2_3; Prokaryotic phospholipase A2

    3. NM_032562.5 → NP_115951.2  group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein isoform a precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_115951.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (a).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK311349, AY358032, BP274516, DA536331
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7319.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B7ZL23, Q52LB2, Q96Q99, Q9BX93
      Related
      ENSP00000362123.3, ENST00000373032.4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06951
      Location:12 → 195
      PLA2G12; Group XII secretory phospholipase A2 precursor (PLA2G12)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000010.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      72934762..72954806 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060934.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      73806140..73826184 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9BX93.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9BX93

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