apa-2 AP-2 complex subunit alpha [Caenorhabditis elegans] - Gene

Summary

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Gene symbol: apa-2
Gene description: AP-2 complex subunit alpha
Primary source: WormBase:WBGene00000161
Locus tag: CELE_T20B5.1
See related: AllianceGenome:WB:WBGene00000161
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans (strain: Bristol N2)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida; Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae; Caenorhabditis
Summary: Enables GTPase activating protein binding activity and protein C-terminus binding activity. Involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis; embryo development; and protein localization. Located in clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle and presynaptic periactive zone. Is expressed in several structures, including anterior gonad arm; germ line; intestine; nervous system; and vulva. Orthologous to human AP2A1 (adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit alpha 1) and AP2A2 (adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit alpha 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
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Genomic context

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See apa-2 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: X

Exon count:: 8

Sequence:: Chromosome: X; NC_003284.9 (9338675..9342900)

Chromosome X - NC_003284.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003284.9

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The site of AP2 phosphorylation is directly coordinated by residues of the NECAP PHear domain that are predicted from genetic screens in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Title: A structural mechanism for phosphorylation-dependent inactivation of the AP2 complex.
Consistent with this model, NECAPs preferentially bind open and phosphorylated forms of AP2 in vitro and localize with constitutively open AP2 mutants in vivo. NECAPs do not associate with phosphorylation-defective AP2 mutants, implying that phosphorylation precedes NECAP recruitment.
Title: NECAPs are negative regulators of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex.
AP2 complex can function as two semi-independent hemicomplexes contributing to synaptic vesicle endocytosis.
Title: AP2 hemicomplexes contribute independently to synaptic vesicle endocytosis.
Levels of the GluR GLR-1 decreased at synapses in the ventral nerve cord (VNC) of Caenorhabditis elegans with mutations in the AP2 subunits APM-2/mu2, APA-2/alpha, or APS-2/sigma2
Title: The AP2 clathrin adaptor protein complex regulates the abundance of GLR-1 glutamate receptors in the ventral nerve cord of Caenorhabditis elegans.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

T20B5.2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:322323

T20B5.1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:312452

Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by WormBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTPase activating protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables clathrin adaptor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables clathrin adaptor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in clathrin-dependent endocytosis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in clathrin-dependent endocytosis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in clathrin-dependent endocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in endocytosis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in intracellular protein transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein localization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in receptor-mediated endocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in vesicle-mediated transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of AP-2 adaptor complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of AP-2 adaptor complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of clathrin adaptor complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in clathrin-coated pit	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in endocytic vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of membrane coat	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in presynaptic periactive zone	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in synapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: AP-2 complex subunit alpha

NP_001370626.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003284.9 Reference assembly

Range

9338675..9342900

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001383622.2 → NP_001370626.1 AP-2 complex subunit alpha [Caenorhabditis elegans]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q22601

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00809
Location:698 → 806

Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain

pfam02296
Location:812 → 920

Alpha_adaptin_C; Alpha adaptin AP2, C-terminal domain

pfam01602
Location:28 → 590

Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region