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    CDK16 cyclin dependent kinase 16 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5127, updated on 3-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    CDK16provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    cyclin dependent kinase 16provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:8749
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000102225 MIM:311550; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8749
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PCTK1; PCTAIRE; PCTAIRE1; PCTGAIRE
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the cdc2/cdkx subfamily of the ser/thr family of protein kinases. It may play a role in signal transduction cascades in terminally differentiated cells; in exocytosis; and in transport of secretory cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum. This gene is thought to escape X inactivation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in heart (RPKM 14.6), brain (RPKM 14.2) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See CDK16 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    Xp11.3
    Exon count:
    19
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) X NC_000023.11 (47218303..47229997)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) X NC_060947.1 (46627994..46639688)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) X NC_000023.10 (47077702..47089396)

    Chromosome X - NC_000023.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RNA binding motif protein 10 Neighboring gene ITPK1 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47037923-47039122 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29583 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47050393-47050933 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chrX:47053068-47053256 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20798 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47057593-47058792 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105373194 Neighboring gene ubiquitin like modifier activating enzyme 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20799 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29586 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47078167-47078806 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29587 Neighboring gene inactivation escape 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47087788-47088288 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:47088289-47088789 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-FlowFISH-validated HDAC6 regulatory element 1 Neighboring gene ubiquitin specific peptidase 11 Neighboring gene nicolin 2, pseudogene

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. PCTAIRE Protein Kinase 1 (PCTK1) Suppresses Proliferation, Stemness, and Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer through the BMPR1B-Smad1/5/8 Signaling Pathway. Wei PL, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Jun 11. PMID 37373155, Free PMC Article
    2. The roles, molecular interactions, and therapeutic value of CDK16 in human cancers. Wang X, et al. Biomed Pharmacother, 2023 Aug. PMID 37236028
    3. CDK16 promotes the progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by phosphorylating PRC1. Li X, et al. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2022 Apr 21. PMID 35449080, Free PMC Article
    4. Transcriptomic Analysis in Liquid Biopsy Identifies Circulating PCTAIRE-1 mRNA as a Biomarker in NSCLC. Chang JW, et al. Cancer Genomics Proteomics, 2020 Jan-Feb. PMID 31882554, Free PMC Article
    5. CDK16/PCTK1/PCTAIRE1 is highly expressed in melanomas but not in melanocytic nevi or sarcomas. Yanagi T, et al. J Dermatol, 2019 Jul. PMID 31106900

    See all (91) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. PCTAIRE Protein Kinase 1 (PCTK1) Suppresses Proliferation, Stemness, and Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer through the BMPR1B-Smad1/5/8 Signaling Pathway.
      Title: PCTAIRE Protein Kinase 1 (PCTK1) Suppresses Proliferation, Stemness, and Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer through the BMPR1B-Smad1/5/8 Signaling Pathway.
    2. The roles, molecular interactions, and therapeutic value of CDK16 in human cancers.
      Title: The roles, molecular interactions, and therapeutic value of CDK16 in human cancers.
    3. CDK16 promotes the progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by phosphorylating PRC1.
      Title: CDK16 promotes the progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by phosphorylating PRC1.
    4. Lung cancer cells expressing a shortened CDK16 3'UTR escape senescence through impaired miR-485-5p targeting.
      Title: Lung cancer cells expressing a shortened CDK16 3'UTR escape senescence through impaired miR-485-5p targeting.
    5. circRNA 001306 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma growth by up-regulating CDK16 expression via sponging miR-584-5p.
      Title: circRNA 001306 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma growth by up-regulating CDK16 expression via sponging miR-584-5p.
    6. The authors have identified AP2-associated protein kinase 1(AAK1), dynamin 1 and synaptojanin 1 as putative substrates of PCTAIRE-1.
      Title: Identification of novel PCTAIRE-1/CDK16 substrates using a chemical genetic screen.
    7. Fisetin inhibits TET1 expression and reduces 5hmC modification in specific loci in the promoters of CCNY/CDK16 in HuRSCs.
      Title: Fisetin decreases TET1 activity and CCNY/CDK16 promoter 5hmC levels to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of renal cancer stem cell.
    8. Data identified PRC1 as the first substrate of the CDK16/CCNY complex and demonstrated that the proliferative function of CDK16 is mediated by PRC1 phosphorylation.
      Title: Phosphoregulation of the oncogenic protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) by the atypical CDK16/CCNY complex.
    9. High plasma PCTK1 levels are associated with non-small cell lung cancer.
      Title: Transcriptomic Analysis in Liquid Biopsy Identifies Circulating PCTAIRE-1 mRNA as a Biomarker in NSCLC.
    10. Cyclin Y and CDK16 complex is necessary for efficient AMPK-dependent activation of autophagy.
      Title: AMPK-dependent activation of the Cyclin Y/CDK16 complex controls autophagy.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (27)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Knockdown of cyclin-dependent kinase 16 (CDK16; PCTAIRE) by shRNA library screening inhibits HIV-1 replication in cultured Jurkat T-cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ16665

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in exocytosis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in exocytosis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in growth hormone secretion ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in neuron projection development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in neuron projection development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of autophagy IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein phosphorylation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of cell cycle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in spermatogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in spermatogenesis NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in microtubule cytoskeleton IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in neuron projection IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    colocalizes_with synaptic vesicle IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    colocalizes_with synaptic vesicle ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    cyclin-dependent kinase 16
    Names
    PCTAIRE-motif protein kinase 1
    cell division protein kinase 16
    serine/threonine-protein kinase PCTAIRE-1
    testis secretory sperm-binding protein Li 224n
    NP_001163931.1
    NP_006192.1
    NP_148978.2
    XP_011542222.1
    XP_011542223.1
    XP_011542224.1
    XP_011542225.1
    XP_011542226.1
    XP_011542227.1
    XP_011542228.1
    XP_016885058.1
    XP_047298108.1
    XP_047298109.1
    XP_047298110.1
    XP_054183143.1
    XP_054183144.1
    XP_054183145.1
    XP_054183146.1
    XP_054183147.1
    XP_054183148.1
    XP_054183149.1
    XP_054183150.1
    XP_054183151.1
    XP_054183152.1
    XP_054183153.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_012517.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5553..16869
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001170460.2 → NP_001163931.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate exon in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3, which has a longer and distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK096881, AK290145, AK301832, BC006190
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS55408.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59FJ5
      Related
      ENSP00000276052.6, ENST00000276052.10
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      PLN00009
      Location:236 → 524
      PLN00009; cyclin-dependent kinase A; Provisional
      cd07873
      Location:236 → 532
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    2. NM_006201.5 → NP_006192.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006192.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the shortest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK096881, AK290145, BC006190, DA816614
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS14276.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K280, B7Z7C8, J3KN74, J3KQP7, Q00536
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A140VK97, Q9BRL4
      Related
      ENSP00000349762.4, ENST00000357227.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07873
      Location:162 → 458
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    3. NM_033018.4 → NP_148978.2  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_148978.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate exon in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2, which has a longer and distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC015607, BQ187876
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS48101.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BRL4
      Related
      ENSP00000405798.2, ENST00000457458.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07873
      Location:168 → 464
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000023.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      47218303..47229997
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_017029569.2 → XP_016885058.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BRL4

    2. XM_011543921.2 → XP_011542223.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542223.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BRL4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      PLN00009
      Location:209 → 497
      PLN00009; cyclin-dependent kinase A; Provisional
      cd07873
      Location:209 → 505
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    3. XM_047442152.1 → XP_047298108.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X5

    4. XM_011543922.2 → XP_011542224.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X4

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BRL4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      PLN00009
      Location:205 → 493
      PLN00009; cyclin-dependent kinase A; Provisional
      cd07873
      Location:205 → 501
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    5. XM_011543923.3 → XP_011542225.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X6

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542225.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BRL4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07873
      Location:168 → 464
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    6. XM_011543925.3 → XP_011542227.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542227.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BRL4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07873
      Location:162 → 458
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    7. XM_011543924.3 → XP_011542226.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542226.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BRL4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07873
      Location:162 → 458
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    8. XM_047442154.1 → XP_047298110.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X9

    9. XM_011543926.2 → XP_011542228.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011542228.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BRL4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07873
      Location:162 → 458
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    10. XM_011543920.4 → XP_011542222.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59FJ5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      PLN00009
      Location:236 → 524
      PLN00009; cyclin-dependent kinase A; Provisional
      cd07873
      Location:236 → 532
      STKc_PCTAIRE1; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase

    11. XM_047442153.1 → XP_047298109.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X8

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060947.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      46627994..46639688
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054327170.1 → XP_054183145.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X3

    2. XM_054327169.1 → XP_054183144.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X2

    3. XM_054327172.1 → XP_054183147.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X5

    4. XM_054327171.1 → XP_054183146.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X4

    5. XM_054327173.1 → XP_054183148.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X6

    6. XM_054327176.1 → XP_054183151.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

    7. XM_054327174.1 → XP_054183149.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

    8. XM_054327178.1 → XP_054183153.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X9

    9. XM_054327175.1 → XP_054183150.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X7

    10. XM_054327168.1 → XP_054183143.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X1

    11. XM_054327177.1 → XP_054183152.1  cyclin-dependent kinase 16 isoform X8

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_033019.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_033019.1: This RefSeq record was removed by NCBI staff. Contact info@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov for further information.
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q00536.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q00536

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