GPX3 glutathione peroxidase 3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: GPX3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: glutathione peroxidase 3provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4555
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000211445 MIM:138321; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4555
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: GPx-P; GSHPx-3; GSHPx-P
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family, members of which catalyze the reduction of organic hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by glutathione, and thereby protect cells against oxidative damage. Several isozymes of this gene family exist in vertebrates, which vary in cellular location and substrate specificity. This isozyme is secreted, and is abundantly found in plasma. Downregulation of expression of this gene by promoter hypermethylation has been observed in a wide spectrum of human malignancies, including thyroid cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic myeloid leukemia. This isozyme is also a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]
Expression: Biased expression in kidney (RPKM 4558.9), thyroid (RPKM 1037.2) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5q33.1

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	5	NC_000005.10 (151020591..151028988)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	5	NC_060929.1 (151557070..151565467)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	5	NC_000005.9 (150400152..150408549)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

GPX3-Mediated Oxidative Stress Affects Pyrimidine Metabolism Levels in Stomach Adenocarcinoma via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway.
Title: GPX3-Mediated Oxidative Stress Affects Pyrimidine Metabolism Levels in Stomach Adenocarcinoma via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway.
TRIM6 Promotes ROS-Mediated Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells via Ubiquitination and Degradation of GPX3 Protein.
Title: TRIM6 Promotes ROS-Mediated Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells via Ubiquitination and Degradation of GPX3 Protein.
Advances in the role of GPX3 in ovarian cancer (Review).
Title: Advances in the role of GPX3 in ovarian cancer (Review).
GPX3 Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19.
Title: GPX3 Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19.
Decreased GPX3 mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
Title: Decreased GPX3 mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
CpG methylation of the GPX3 promoter in patients with Kashin-Beck Disease potentially promotes chondrocyte apoptosis.
Title: CpG methylation of the GPX3 promoter in patients with Kashin-Beck Disease potentially promotes chondrocyte apoptosis.
GPX3 rs8177412 Polymorphism Modifies Risk of Upper Urothelial Tumors in Patients with Balkan Endemic Nephropathy.
Title: GPX3 rs8177412 Polymorphism Modifies Risk of Upper Urothelial Tumors in Patients with Balkan Endemic Nephropathy.
Glutathione Peroxidase 3 induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via AMPK /ERK1/2 pathway and resisted autophagy-related ferroptosis via AMPK/mTOR pathway in hyperplastic prostate.
Title: Glutathione Peroxidase 3 induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via AMPK /ERK1/2 pathway and resisted autophagy-related ferroptosis via AMPK/mTOR pathway in hyperplastic prostate.
Glutathione peroxidase 3 is a novel clinical diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis.
Title: Glutathione peroxidase 3 is a novel clinical diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis.
Patients with Osteoarthritis and Kashin-Beck Disease Display Distinct CpG Methylation Profiles in the DIO2, GPX3, and TXRND1 Promoter Regions.
Title: Patients with Osteoarthritis and Kashin-Beck Disease Display Distinct CpG Methylation Profiles in the DIO2, GPX3, and TXRND1 Promoter Regions.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (97)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	HIV-1 Tat causes a greater than 50% decrease in intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), leading to the extracellular appearance of acidic FGF-1, an effect that is partially mediated through modulation of GSH biosynthetic enzymes	PubMed
	tat	Expression of HIV-1 Tat in HeLa cells downregulates cytoplasmic glutathione peroxidase while upregulating phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, thereby deregulating intracellular oxidant/antioxidant balance and amplifying UV sensitivity	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NIB1209 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:33811

GPX3_446 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277294

D5S2679 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:46166

RH122357 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:138454

GPX3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:278499

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables glutathione peroxidase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glutathione peroxidase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables selenium binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables selenium binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in hydrogen peroxide catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in hydrogen peroxide catabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in response to lipid hydroperoxide	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glutathione peroxidase 3

Names: GPx-3; extracellular glutathione peroxidase; glutathione peroxidase 3 (plasma); plasma glutathione peroxidase; selenoprotein GPX3

NP_001316719.1

EC 1.11.1.9

NP_002075.2

EC 1.11.1.9

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001329790.2 → NP_001316719.1 glutathione peroxidase 3 isoform 2 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) has an additional in-frame coding exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is longer containing a 9 aa protein segment not found in isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

BC050378, BI522602, HY069764

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P22352
NM_002084.5 → NP_002075.2 glutathione peroxidase 3 isoform 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002075.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant transcript and encodes isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

BC050378, BI522602

Consensus CDS

CCDS43389.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O43787, P22352, Q86W78, Q9NZ74, Q9UEL1

Related

ENSP00000373477.4, ENST00000388825.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00340
Location:39 → 211

GSH_Peroxidase; Glutathione (GSH) peroxidase family; tetrameric selenoenzymes that catalyze the reduction of a variety of hydroperoxides including lipid peroxidases, using GSH as a specific electron donor substrate. GSH peroxidase contains one selenocysteine residue per ...