CYGB cytoglobin [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CYGBprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cytoglobinprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:16505
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000161544 MIM:608759; AllianceGenome:HGNC:16505
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: HGB; NOD; STAP
Summary: This gene encodes a globin protein found in vertebrate cells. The encoded protein is described as a hexacoordinate hemoglobin which binds ligand differently from the pentacoordinate hemoglobins involved in oxygen transport, and may be involved in protection during oxidative stress. This gene is located on chromosome 17 in the same region as a retinal gene which is mutated in progressive rod-cone degeneration, but in the opposite orientation. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in fat (RPKM 16.5), urinary bladder (RPKM 7.0) and 23 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 17q25.1

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	17	NC_000017.11 (76527356..76551193, complement)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	17	NC_060941.1 (77424099..77449394, complement)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	17	NC_000017.10 (74523438..74533791, complement)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Cytoglobin as a Prognostic Factor for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of 75 Patients.
Title: Cytoglobin as a Prognostic Factor for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of 75 Patients.
Cytoglobin has potent superoxide dismutase function.
Title: Cytoglobin has potent superoxide dismutase function.
TGF-beta1-driven reduction of cytoglobin leads to oxidative DNA damage in stellate cells during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Title: TGF-β1-driven reduction of cytoglobin leads to oxidative DNA damage in stellate cells during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
A reliable set of reference genes to normalize oxygen-dependent cytoglobin gene expression levels in melanoma.
Title: A reliable set of reference genes to normalize oxygen-dependent cytoglobin gene expression levels in melanoma.
Cytoglobin-expressing cells in the splenic cords contribute to splenic fibrosis in cirrhotic patients.
Title: Cytoglobin-expressing cells in the splenic cords contribute to splenic fibrosis in cirrhotic patients.
Cytoglobin promotes sensitivity to ferroptosis by regulating p53-YAP1 axis in colon cancer cells.
Title: Cytoglobin promotes sensitivity to ferroptosis by regulating p53-YAP1 axis in colon cancer cells.
The Antioxidative Role of Cytoglobin in Podocytes: Implications for a Role in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Title: The Antioxidative Role of Cytoglobin in Podocytes: Implications for a Role in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Regulation of Nitric Oxide Metabolism and Vascular Tone by Cytoglobin.
Title: Regulation of Nitric Oxide Metabolism and Vascular Tone by Cytoglobin.
This study suggests CYGB aids in promoting triple negative breast cancer cell death and migration once AhR signaling activation occurs.
Title: Putative tumor suppressor cytoglobin promotes aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand-mediated triple negative breast cancer cell death.
HIF-1alpha regulates cytoglobin expression and fibroblast proliferation in keloids.
Title: Role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1α) in Cytoglobin Expression and Fibroblast Proliferation of Keloids.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (69)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Vpr	vpr	Treatment of human primary astrocytes with HIV-1 Vpr downregulates expression of eleven genes, BNIP3, CYGB, DUOX2, DUSP1, FOXM1, GAPDH, HPRT1, MT3, MTL5, PTGS2, and SCARA3	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D15S1009 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:7957

SHGC-85751 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:103779

RH94299 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:91320

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables carbon monoxide binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables catalase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables fatty acid peroxidase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables heme binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables iron ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nitric oxide dioxygenase activity, heme protein as donor	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables nitrite reductase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables oxidoreductase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables oxygen binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables oxygen carrier activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables peroxidase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables superoxide dismutase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in fatty acid oxidation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of fibroblast migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in nitric oxide catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in oxygen transport	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in removal of superoxide radicals	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hypoxia	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to oxidative stress	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in neuron projection	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in neuronal cell body	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: cytoglobin

Names: histoglobin; nitric oxygen dioxygenase CYGB; nitrite reductase CYGB; pseudoperoxidase CYGB; stellate cell activation-associated protein; superoxide dismutase CYGB

NP_599030.1

EC 1.15.1.1

XP_005257062.1

EC 1.15.1.1

XP_016879605.1

EC 1.15.1.1

XP_054170909.1

EC 1.15.1.1

XP_054170910.1

EC 1.15.1.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_134268.5 → NP_599030.1 cytoglobin

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_599030.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AI470692, AK098057, BQ881744

Consensus CDS

CCDS11746.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q541Y7, Q8N2X5, Q8WWM9

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1K0FUB6

Related

ENSP00000293230.4, ENST00000293230.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd08924
Location:22 → 171

Cygb; Cytoglobin and related globins

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

76527356..76551193 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_017024116.2 → XP_016879605.1 cytoglobin isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

K7EIM9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl21461
Location:1 → 106

Globin_like; Globin-like proteins
XM_005257005.4 → XP_005257062.1 cytoglobin isoform X1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd08924
Location:22 → 171

Cygb; Cytoglobin and related globins