U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Links from GEO Profiles

    • Showing Current items.

    CCL16 C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 6360, updated on 11-Apr-2024

    Summary

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Official Symbol
    CCL16provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    C-C motif chemokine ligand 16provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:10614
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000275152 MIM:601394; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10614
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    LEC; LMC; NCC4; CKb12; HCC-4; LCC-1; Mtn-1; NCC-4; SCYL4; ILINCK; SCYA16
    Summary
    This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and monocytes but not for neutrophils. This cytokine also shows a potent myelosuppressive activity and suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. The expression of this gene is upregulated by IL-10. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Biased expression in liver (RPKM 21.1) and spleen (RPKM 0.6) See more
    Orthologs
    all
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Location:
    17q12
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (35976499..35981497, complement)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (36924403..36931524, complement)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (34303535..34308533, complement)

    Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RAD52 motif containing 1 Neighboring gene lysozyme like 6 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr17:34288003-34288221 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10414 Neighboring gene CCL15-CCL14 readthrough (NMD candidate) Neighboring gene C-C motif chemokine ligand 14 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985068 Neighboring gene C-C motif chemokine ligand 15

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

    Go to the top of the page Help
    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    Go to the top of the pageHelp

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Structure and Dynamics of Human Chemokine CCL16-Implications for Biological Activity. Weiergräber OH, et al. Biomolecules, 2022 Oct 28. PMID 36358937, Free PMC Article
    2. CCL16 maintains stem cell-like properties in breast cancer by activating CCR2/GSK3β/β-catenin/OCT4 axis. Shen W, et al. Theranostics, 2021. PMID 33500726, Free PMC Article
    3. CC motif chemokine ligand 16 inhibits the progression of liver cirrhosis via inactivating hepatic stellate cells. Zhuo JY, et al. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int, 2020 Oct. PMID 31948840
    4. Variants in CCL16 are associated with blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid CCL16 protein levels. Ebbert MT, et al. BMC Genomics, 2016 Jun 29. PMID 27357396, Free PMC Article
    5. Expression pattern of serum cytokines in hepatitis B virus infected patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels. He D, et al. J Clin Immunol, 2013 Oct. PMID 23954997, Free PMC Article

    See all (41) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Characterizing ligand-receptor interactions and unveiling the pro-tumorigenic role of CCL16-CCR1 axis in the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
      Title: Characterizing ligand-receptor interactions and unveiling the pro-tumorigenic role of CCL16-CCR1 axis in the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
    2. Structure and Dynamics of Human Chemokine CCL16-Implications for Biological Activity.
      Title: Structure and Dynamics of Human Chemokine CCL16-Implications for Biological Activity.
    3. CC motif chemokine ligand 16 inhibits the progression of liver cirrhosis via inactivating hepatic stellate cells.
      Title: CC motif chemokine ligand 16 inhibits the progression of liver cirrhosis via inactivating hepatic stellate cells.
    4. CCL16 maintains stem cell-like properties in breast cancer by activating CCR2/GSK3beta/beta-catenin/OCT4 axis.
      Title: CCL16 maintains stem cell-like properties in breast cancer by activating CCR2/GSK3β/β-catenin/OCT4 axis.
    5. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) located in and around the C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) gene are associated with CCL16 protein levels in blood plasma, and rs80329614 is the SNP most strongly associated with CCL16 protein levels in plasma.
      Title: Variants in CCL16 are associated with blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid CCL16 protein levels.
    6. High umbilical artery CCL16 is prominently detected in preterm preeclamptic pregnancies with severe growth restriction.
      Title: Umbilical artery chemokine CCL16 is associated with preterm preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction.
    7. Data show that CCL-16 gene expression was upregulated by 7.46-fold in IBS patients when compared with controls and suggest a subclinical inflammatory component underlying IBS.
      Title: Pro-inflammatory chemokine C-C motif ligand 16 (CCL-16) dysregulation in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a pilot study.
    8. Low umbilical cord blood chemokine CCL16 associates with spontaneous preterm birth
      Title: Cord blood chemokines differentiate between spontaneous and elective preterm births in singleton pregnancies.
    9. Elevated concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with eosinophilic pneumonia
      Title: Elevated concentrations of liver-expressed chemokine/CC chemokine ligand 16 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with eosinophilic pneumonia.
    10. Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm children is associated with airway remodeling genes and innate immune genes.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (15)

    Phenotypes

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

    Go to the top of the page Help

    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Pathways from PubChem

    Go to the top of the page

    Interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC117051

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables CCR chemokine receptor binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables chemoattractant activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables chemokine activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cell communication TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cell-cell signaling TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in chemokine-mediated signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in chemotaxis TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in eosinophil chemotaxis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in inflammatory response IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive chemotaxis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of GTPase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell migration IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in extracellular space IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Preferred Names
    C-C motif chemokine 16
    Names
    IL-10-inducible chemokine
    chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 16
    chemokine LEC
    liver CC chemokine-1
    liver-expressed chemokine
    lymphocyte and monocyte chemoattractant
    monotactin-1
    new CC chemokine 4
    small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys-Cys), member 16
    small-inducible cytokine A16

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    Go to the top of the page Help

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_004590.4 → NP_004581.1  C-C motif chemokine 16 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004581.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AB007454, AC244100, AF039955
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS11303.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O15467, Q4KKU0
      Related
      ENSP00000478024.1, ENST00000611905.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00272
      Location:37 → 92
      Chemokine_CC; Chemokine_CC: 1 of 4 subgroup designations based on the arrangement of the two N-terminal cysteine residues; includes a number of secreted growth factors and interferons involved in mitogenic, chemotactic, and inflammatory activity; some members (e.g. ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      35976499..35981497 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

    Genomic

    1. NT_187614.1 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

      Range
      211063..217475 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054329312.1 → XP_054185287.1  C-C motif chemokine 16 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O15467, Q4KKU0

    2. XM_054329311.1 → XP_054185286.1  C-C motif chemokine 16 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O15467, Q4KKU0

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      36924403..36931524 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054316871.1 → XP_054172846.1  C-C motif chemokine 16 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O15467, Q4KKU0

    2. XM_054316872.1 → XP_054172847.1  C-C motif chemokine 16 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O15467, Q4KKU0
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O15467.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O15467

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous