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X-linked scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy(SPM)

MedGen UID:
395530
Concept ID:
C2678061
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: SCAPULOPERONEAL MYOPATHY, FHL1-RELATED; Scapuloperoneal myopathy, X-linked dominant
Modes of inheritance:
X-linked dominant inheritance
MedGen UID:
376232
Concept ID:
C1847879
Finding
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for dominant traits related to a gene encoded on the X chromosome. In the context of medical genetics, X-linked dominant disorders tend to manifest very severely in affected males. The severity of manifestation in females may depend on the degree of skewed X inactivation.
 
Gene (location): FHL1 (Xq26.3)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0010400
OMIM®: 300695
Orphanet: ORPHA431272

Definition

A rare, genetic, muscular dystrophy disease characterized by the co-occurrence of late onset scapular and peroneal muscle weakness, principally manifesting with distal lower limb and proximal upper limb weakness and scapular winging. [from ORDO]

Clinical features

From HPO
Scapular winging
MedGen UID:
66822
Concept ID:
C0240953
Anatomical Abnormality
Abnormal protrusion of the scapula away from the surface of the back.
Knee flexion contracture
MedGen UID:
98042
Concept ID:
C0409355
Finding
A type of knee joint contracture in which the knee is in a fixed bent (flexed) configuration such that it cannot be straightened actively or passively.
Lower limb muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
324478
Concept ID:
C1836296
Finding
Weakness of the muscles of the legs.
Foot dorsiflexor weakness
MedGen UID:
356163
Concept ID:
C1866141
Finding
Weakness of the muscles responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot, that is, of the movement of the toes towards the shin. The foot dorsiflexors include the tibialis anterior, the extensor hallucis longus, the extensor digitorum longus, and the peroneus tertius muscles.
Scapuloperoneal myopathy
MedGen UID:
419759
Concept ID:
C2931268
Disease or Syndrome
A muscular dystrophy which begins at the lower legs and affects the shoulder region earlier and more severely than distal arm.
Right bundle branch block
MedGen UID:
88445
Concept ID:
C0085615
Disease or Syndrome
A conduction block of the right branch of the bundle of His. This manifests as a prolongation of the QRS complex (greater than 0.12 s) with delayed activation of the right ventricle and terminal delay on the EKG.
Waddling gait
MedGen UID:
66667
Concept ID:
C0231712
Finding
Weakness of the hip girdle and upper thigh muscles, for instance in myopathies, leads to an instability of the pelvis on standing and walking. If the muscles extending the hip joint are affected, the posture in that joint becomes flexed and lumbar lordosis increases. The patients usually have difficulties standing up from a sitting position. Due to weakness in the gluteus medius muscle, the hip on the side of the swinging leg drops with each step (referred to as Trendelenburg sign). The gait appears waddling. The patients frequently attempt to counteract the dropping of the hip on the swinging side by bending the trunk towards the side which is in the stance phase (in the German language literature this is referred to as Duchenne sign). Similar gait patterns can be caused by orthopedic conditions when the origin and the insertion site of the gluteus medius muscle are closer to each other than normal, for instance due to a posttraumatic elevation of the trochanter or pseudarthrosis of the femoral neck.
Steppage gait
MedGen UID:
98105
Concept ID:
C0427149
Finding
An abnormal gait pattern that arises from weakness of the pretibial and peroneal muscles due to a lower motor neuron lesion. Affected patients have footdrop and are unable to dorsiflex and evert the foot. The leg is lifted high on walking so that the toes clear the ground, and there may be a slapping noise when the foot strikes the ground again.
Hyporeflexia
MedGen UID:
195967
Concept ID:
C0700078
Finding
Reduction of neurologic reflexes such as the knee-jerk reaction.
Proximal muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
113169
Concept ID:
C0221629
Finding
A lack of strength of the proximal muscles.
Forearm supination contracture
MedGen UID:
1813105
Concept ID:
C0409340
Acquired Abnormality
A contracture that limits the ability of the forearm to stabilize the hand in pronation (pronation refers to a rotation of the forearm that causes the palm and forearm to face downwards), meaning that the palm is fixed in a upward orientation. Restriction of supination/pronation can occur at the elbow (radial-humeral joint), at the wrist (radial-ulnar joint), and anywhere in between.
Achilles tendon contracture
MedGen UID:
98052
Concept ID:
C0410264
Anatomical Abnormality
A contracture of the Achilles tendon.
Muscular atrophy
MedGen UID:
892680
Concept ID:
C0541794
Pathologic Function
The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy).
Myofibrillar myopathy
MedGen UID:
395532
Concept ID:
C2678065
Finding
The signs and symptoms of myofibrillar myopathy vary widely among affected individuals, typically depending on the condition's genetic cause. Most people with this disorder begin to develop muscle weakness (myopathy) in mid-adulthood. However, features of this condition can appear anytime between infancy and late adulthood. Muscle weakness most often begins in the hands and feet (distal muscles), but some people first experience weakness in the muscles near the center of the body (proximal muscles). Other affected individuals develop muscle weakness throughout their body. Facial muscle weakness can cause swallowing and speech difficulties. Muscle weakness worsens over time.\n\nOther signs and symptoms of myofibrillar myopathy can include a weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy), muscle pain (myalgia), loss of sensation and weakness in the limbs (peripheral neuropathy), and respiratory failure. Individuals with this condition may have skeletal problems including joint stiffness (contractures) and abnormal side-to-side curvature of the spine (scoliosis). Rarely, people with this condition develop clouding of the lens of the eyes (cataracts).\n\nMyofibrillar myopathy is part of a group of disorders called muscular dystrophies that affect muscle function and cause weakness. Myofibrillar myopathy primarily affects skeletal muscles, which are muscles that the body uses for movement. In some cases, the heart (cardiac) muscle is also affected.
Elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration
MedGen UID:
69128
Concept ID:
C0241005
Finding
An elevation of the level of the enzyme creatine kinase (also known as creatine phosphokinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) in the blood. CK levels can be elevated in a number of clinical disorders such as myocardial infarction, rhabdomyolysis, and muscular dystrophy.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVX-linked scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Yoneda ZT, Anderson KC, Estrada JC, Quintana JA, Strickland T, Montgomery JA, Michaud GF, Roden DM, Shoemaker MB
JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2021 Mar;7(3):410-412. Epub 2021 Jan 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2020.11.006. PMID: 33516708
Meaburn KJ, Cabuy E, Bonne G, Levy N, Morris GE, Novelli G, Kill IR, Bridger JM
Aging Cell 2007 Apr;6(2):139-53. Epub 2007 Feb 5 doi: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2007.00270.x. PMID: 17274801
Yates JR, Bagshaw J, Aksmanovic VM, Coomber E, McMahon R, Whittaker JL, Morrison PJ, Kendrick-Jones J, Ellis JA
Neuromuscul Disord 1999 May;9(3):159-65. PMID: 10382909

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